Unit 5 Review
A good way to study and remember terms for a test :]
Terms
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- Louis XIV of France
- Moved the capital to Versailles and was famous for the saying "I am the State"
- Voltaire
- French; believed in rights of free speech and the seperation of church and state
- John Locke
- English; believed people were good and reasonable; 3 natural rights: Life, Liberty, and Property
- Nicolas Copernicus
- Stated his heliocentric theory of the universe; rotaion in circles
- Age of Absolutism
- From 1650-1789 when European rulers attempted to expand their rule over all aspects of life
- William and Mary
- First Constitutional Monarchs and had to sign the English Bill of Rights
- Charles I
- Tried to bring more absolutist policies and Catholic influence into England; tried and executed as a tyrant, traitor, murderer and public enemy
- Enlightenment
- Also called the Age of Reason, deloped as a result of the Scientific Revolution when philosophers thought to be "enlightened" by their ability to reason
- Miguel de Cervantes
- Don Quixote; Considered the first novel; About a man who wanders the countryside thinking he's a knight
- William Harvey
- Refined ideas of the bloods circulation and showed that the heart was the begining
- Glorious Revolution
- Known as 'Glorious' because there was no bloodshed in England when James fled and gave up the throne
- English Civil War
- Fighting between Parlaiment and the King's supporters; Ended when Parlaiment won and executed Charles I
- Frederick the Great of Prussia
- Made an efficient fighting force and centralized the government
- Heliocentric Theory
- The theory that believed that the Sun is the center of the universe
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- Born 1685 in Germany; Challenged tradition; Baroque style(complex and multilayered)
- Geocentric Theory
- The theory that believed that the Earth is the center of the universe
- Charles II
- Limited power and during this time, political parties based on who supported King or Parliament
- Peter the Great of Russia
- Moved the capital to St. Petersburg and created a navy to help westernize
- Galileo Galilei
- Built a telescope and was the first to make observations with it
- Oliver Cromwell
- Ruled as a dictator called "Lord Prtector" until 1658
- Rousseau
- French; believed gov. was a contract and should protect the common law; people were good and should rely on their instincts
- Montesquieu
- French; believed in seperation of power and control into three parts; Legislature, Judicial and Executive
- Age of Reason
- Also known as the Enlightenment, used the ability to reason and applied it to everything
- Thomas Hobbes
- English; believed people were bad by nature and that Absolute Monarchy was the best
- Eugene Delacroix
- Born 1798 in France; Romantic art; Use of color; Historic themes
- Scientific Revolution
- A time period with a new emphasis on observation and reason rather than traditional knowledge
- Isaac Newton
- Defined the laws of motion and gravity
- Johannes Kepler
- Confirmed the heliocentric theory with observations; rotation in ellipses
- English Bill of Rights
- Laws that restricted the overall power of the Kings, started with William and Mary
- Scientific Method
- A way to ask and answer scientific questions.
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
- Born 1756 in Austria; Musical prodigy; Rebelled against church rules; Classical piano style