EFT/PE

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dysfunction occurs: because clients internalise views and standards of others at the expense of their own emotional intelligence (Rogers & Perls).
alliance formation: the first task of therapy: develop a safe working alliance.
Process Experiential therapy: a form of EFT aimed at helping clients develop their EI, so they can live in harmony and deal better with problems.
Task of ending therapy: attune to and valid feelings of loss and sadness. Prepare the way throughout therapy.
PE tasks: 1) empathy based 2) relational tasks 3) experiencing tasks (only ones looked at in this course).
Empathic understanding (empathy track): the main thing the client is saying
empathic affirmation of vulnerability- stage 5: appreciation of sense of relief and greater calmness.
Relationship dialogue task - stage 6: full resolution - genuine client satsifaction and renewed enthusiasm for therapy.
mode of engagement markers: type of marker - indicates clients stance towards expereience ie. actively or distantly engaged.
clearing a space stage 6: generalising the cleared space (full resolution). Achieved when client can appreciated need and value of maintaing a cleared safe space in theri lives.
alliance formation stage 6: achieve a productive working environment. Successful alliance means client is able to engage in full range of tasks.
general therapist intervention: used to help move through different stages to resolution.
experiential processing: a task principle - help client work in ways at different times
emotion response type assessing: use empathic attunement, nonverbal cues, knowledge of client, knowledge of client types
emotion scheme: plan of action: sequence: activation, exploration, expression & reflection
resolution: a description of what successful completion of the task looks like. 3 levels - partial to full.
experiential formulations: a process guiding response - describe the clients difficulties in experiential terms - 5 types of responses
collaboration: an internal therpaist process - = with client; attiude of interested engagement and equality with client.
task principles: experiential processing, task completion, self-development
alliance difficulty markers: 1) withdraw from therapist 2) directly challenge therapist 3) difficulties within the therapist.
clearing a space stage 3: listing concerns of problematic experiences.
primary adaptive: an emotion response form - normal healthy function
evocative reflection: is an empathic exploration response- used to access underlying emotion by by heighten experience through vivid imagery, powerful language etc.
unclear feeling stage 6: carrying forward - (full resolution) - client begins to explore wider connections and related issues. Ready to tackle in-session task (eg. empty chair work).
PE first task: explore and elaborate clients experience
effective way to contain emotion (KR said): become aware of it, express it and decide what to do about it when it arises.
clearing a space: an experiencing based task used with clients who have difficulties focussing. Includes moving problems away from self, into a safe place or a box.
empathic affirmation of vulnerability - therapist process: offers nonintrusive emphatic presence, accepting and prizing client; allows client to stay with and deepen pain.
PE principles: relationship principles (following) and task principles (leading)
empathic affirmation of vulnerability - stage 2: initial deepening - plumb the depths of vulnerabiltiy, fragility, hopelessness, despair.
major task markers: type of marker - clients main session tasks; includes problem markers and empathy indicators
exploratory reflection: is an empathic exploration response- puts aspect at end of msg to explore and build on
bookmarking: an experiential formulation - noting a particular experience or task as worthy of future work
empathic exploration stage 2 & 3: task initiation and deepening - 1) turn attention inward, 2) reexperience previous events, 3) what is at edge of awareness?, 4) describe events in more detail, 5) fill in missing peices of emotional schemes.
intergrative indicators: type of micromarker - 1) degree of emotional arousal & 2) depth of experiencing
empathic exploration responses: experiential response mode - used to stimulate & explore experience- includes 7 types,
secondary reactive emotions change process: empathic exploration to discover underlying primary emotion
perceptual-situational: an emotion scheme element - awareness of current situation & episodic memories
unclear feeling stage 4: "feeling shift" (partical resolution). A physical easing, a sense of freedom and satisfaction, or completeness., "feeling shift" (partical resolution). A physical easing, a sense of freedom and satisfaction, or completeness.
unclear feeling stage 2: turn attention inward to what is unclear and use process of experiental questions and silence.
therapist processes: internal processes and experimential response modes (aka specific speech acts)
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 5: carrying forward ( full resolution) - considers implications of the shift, especially to problems outside of therapy.
empathic refocusing: is an empathic exploration response- used with difficult or distressing experiences client is having trouble staying with.
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 5: restructuring and scheme change - a clear shift in broader view of self and others, evidenced by ability to use emotions.
acceptance, prizing & trust: an internal therapist process - let go of own values; caring & valuing client; "unconditional confidence" in the clients resources to change.
Basic idea of PE: emotions are adaptive but can be problematic
clearing a space stage 5: appreciating cleared internal space (midlevel resolution). Client takes time to expreience releif, freedom and safety of space.
marker: outward or visible sign that client is experiencing an inner state of interest in working on a particular problem.
Empathic - to be truly: therapist must 1) let go of own ideas about client, 2) enter their world, 3) resonate with their experience, 4) select what seems most crucial to client, 5) take hold of that aspect and reflect it back.
emotion response form: second key element of emotion theory - primary adaptive, maladaptive, secondary reactive, instrumental
focussing for an unclear feeling: 3 important PE roles: 1) useful early on to teach basic experiential concepts 2) used when client presents an unclear feeling 3) used on own or with other tasks.
nonverbal micromarker: type of micromarker - 1) nonverbal beh. 2) heistation or inhibition, 3) incongruent expression, 4) vocal quality (focused, emotional, exteranalising, limited)
task analysis: is a map or mini theory on how to do a particular task - has 4 components
maladaptive emotions change process: help client access, explore and express a different adaptive emotion
experiential teaching response: an experiential formulation - provide info re. nature of experiencing or treatment process
alliance difficulty markers -particular: 6 of them. 1) self-consiouss and task refusal, 2) power and control issues, 3) attachment and bond issues, 4) covert withdrawal difficulties, 5) anticipatory disengagement 6) therapist specific issues (exhaustion, illness, etc).
task completion: a task principle- faciliate completion of key theraputic tasks
empathic attunement: a relationship principle - enter and track clients immediate & evolving experience
clearing a space stage 4: setting aside concern or problems (partial resolution). can cycle between stages 3 & 4 until no concerns are left.
adaptive emotion regulation: ability to access, highten, contain or tolerate emotions
therapist experiential response modes: used to carry out treatment principles and faciliate client experiential modes of engagement (aka specfic speech acts)
alliance formation difficulties - solutions: use metacommunication (i.e. communicating about communication); specific tasks such as experiental focussing task.
theraputic bond: a relationship principle - communicate empathy, caring and presence to the client
allowing and expressing emotion markers: 5 markers - 1) blocked awareness, 2) limited awareness of emotional expereience, 3) limited knowledge or understanding of emotional experience, 4) negative attitudes toward emtions, 5) problmes with disclosue of emotions to others.
emotion scheme elements: perceptual-situational, bodily-expressive, symbolic-conceptual, motivational-behavioural
Relationship dialogue task - stage 1 marker: may be confrontation or withdrawal. Use slow, deliberate and open manner.
alliance formation stages 1 & 2: begining therapy & initiating a safer working environment. Therapist must be free of distractions so they can respond from a base of self-awareness.
bodily-expressive: an emotion scheme element - process through the body and expression of emotion (eg. nervous laugh)
experiential formulation (empathy track): what it is like to be the client
motivational-behavioural: an emotion scheme element - assoc. desires, needs, wishes, intentions or action tendencies
process observation (empathy track): the process or way in which the client is communicating
case formulation principles: 1) collaborative & based on strong theraputic alliance, 2) is specific and tentative based on clients current experiencing
awareness homework: an experiential formulation- used to foster awareness and experiencing ouside session.
empathic exploration stage 4 5 & 6: partial to full resolution and closure - attend to stages 1-3 until either happens - 1) clear marker for another task, 2) reaches a degree of clarity, 3) give up and move on.
treatment foci indicators: no definate plan, wait and see what emerges from client
instrumental emotions change process: explored for interpersonal function & intended to impact on others
Empathy: basic component of E IQ; uses both emotional and cognitive systems. Is both a fundamental change process and a specfic set of theraputic tasks.
empathic affirmation of vulnerability - stage 4: turning back up toward growth and hope.
procedual knowledge of model: an internal therapist process - must know, own and experience it as alive, a particular peice of the theoretical model.
experiential search: an experiential mode of engagement - helps to identify and explore emotion schemes not previously availabe
Relationship dialogue task - stage 5: exploration of practical solutions - how to resolve and conduct therapy. Ask client what they "need".
empathic affirmation of vulnerability stage 3: intense deepening - touch bottom
emotional intelligence: the abiltiy to access, make use of and regulate emotions
Relationship dialogue task- stage 3: Deepening- mutual exploration. therapist models and faciliates the process. Explore emotion schemes.
empathic attunement: an internal therapist process - follow the client and experince bodily feeling of understanding.
task collaboration: a relationship principles - facilitate involvement in goals and therapy tasks
unclear feeling: "felt sense" - 5 aspects: 1) a connection to ones life or situation, 2) a body sensation, 3) imagery or symbolism, 4) an emotional quality (eg.fear), 5) aliveness, direction, wants and needs.
clearing a space stage 2: attend to internal problem space. Invite client to turn attention to middle section of body where they feel things.
micromarker: type of marker - attending to moment-to-moment process - 1) verbal, 2) nonverbal 3) intergrative indicators
exploratory questions: is an empathic exploration response - encourages open-ended self-exploration. A sequcne of q's throught session.
unclear feeling stage 3: ask client to find an image or word to describe the feeling. If client stuck offer suggestions.
experiential presence: an experiential response mode - the behaviour manifestation of the therapists interanal process of presence.
emotion scheme dysfunction: problems arise when a client does not process one of the 5 elements
content directive (nonexperiential) responses: an experiential response mode - used infrequently - most common are: advisement, interpretation, expert reassuarance, content-directive responses.
maladaptive emotions: an emotion response form - direct reactions to situations that involve overlearned responses based on previous traumatic experiences (most challenging)
verbal micromarker: type of micromarker - 1) nuance of content, 2) poignancy, 3) rehearsed descriptons, 4) rambling, 5) immeadiacy of language
dialectically constructive: involving dynamic processes in which both the self and the world change
secondary reactive emotions: an emotion response form - stem from but hide primary adaptive emotions i.e. replaces primary emotion with secondary
Relationship dialogue task - stage 4: partial resolution - arrive at a shared understanding of each persons part in generating the difficulty.
empathic affirmation of vulnerability - stage 1: marker confirmation - intense generalised vulnerability (eg. describes neg. aspect of self; pervasive feeling; painful confession; intense (end of road).
allowing and expressing emotion: a theraputic task that promotes the development of being able to appropriately communicate emotions to others.
unclear feeling stage 1 marker: vauge sense of something not right; difficulty describing feeling; express some distress.
Relationship dialogue task: used to resolve alliance difficulties.
internal attending: an experiential mode of engagement - turn attention inward to feelings, meanings and intentions, wishes etc
Neohumanistic perspective: People are greater than the sum of their parts, capable of self-discrimination, growth tendencies exist.
instrumental emotions: an emotion response form - enacting an emotion intended to influence or control others
process awareness and guiding: an internal therapist process - track the current client task and observe the cleints mode of engagement.
empathic exploration stage 1: marker confirmation - any experiecne that captures attention; has 1) feelings, 2) personal relevance, 3) incomplete or blocked in some way.
dialectical constructivism: how people come to know things - by coming to know a thing, both the state of ones knowledge and the thing itself are changed.
client resolution task model: the ideal sequence of steps or micorprocessors that clients go through to reach a resolution.
empathic refocusing (empathy track): what the client is avoiding or minimising
evocative reflection (empathy track): the clients feelings
unclear feeling stage 5: receieving (midlevel resolution) - helping client stay with new feeling and set aside critical voice.
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 0: premarker - emotional processing difficulty
process guiding responses: an experiential response mode - "guide process, not content" - can suggest in nonimposing way what the client can try engagng in.
neohumanism formulation: a combination of humanism, emotion theory and dialectial constructivism
nonexperiential mode of engagement: a mode of engagement marker - can be external, conceptual or somatic - PE not good for these clients
relationship principles: empathic attunement, theraputic bond, task collaboration
Empathy tracks: at any given moment there are many possibel levels of the clients experince that the therapist needs to attend.
emotion regulation: third key element of theory - adaptive or dysfunctional
neohumanistice perspective: experience is central, people are greater than the sum of their parts
The final therapy session subtasks: 1) use "then and now" exploration, 2) explore the experience of ending, 3) explore future life projects, 4) disclose own experience of therapy.
humanistic principles: experiencing, self-determination, wholeness, pluralism & equality, presence & authenticity, growth
Emotion: is a source of meaning direction and growth
empathic conjecture (empathy track): what is implict or between the lines
Relationship dialogue task - premarker: can be subtle, ask client directly if need to clarify.
PE therapy: systematically but flexibily helps clients become aware and make productive use of their emotions.
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 1: marker and task initiation - check understanding and propose to discuss task
empathic affirmation of vulnerability: best suits moments marked by client reluctance to reveal pervavise painful feeling of fragility or shame.
alliance formation stage 4 & 5: agreeing of goals and tasks. May need to inform client: 1) about PE therapy, 2) suggesting possible goals, 3) proposing tasks to achive goals.
presence & genuineness: an internal therapist process - being fully aware and entering clients experience & being whole and authentic
task analysis components: 1) a marker, 2) a client task resolution model, 3) general therapist intervention, 4) a resolution.
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 2: evocation of difficulty - client expresses the difficulty and emotions. Use empathic exploration and process guiding.
emphatic conjectures: is an empathic exploration response - tentative guesses at immediate, implict client experience
Empathy - interpersonal function: helps client feel safe and focus on their concerns; negotiate agreement and goals.
alliance formation difficulties: 1) client and therapist at different stage of change, 2) mental health idealogy (differing concepts of causes and cures), 3) discrepant client expectations, 4) pull for content directiveness, 5) problems attaining internal focus.
active expression: an experiential mode of engagement - clearly and sponteneously express emotional reactions and experience bodily sensations.
alliance formation stage 3: locating a theraputic focus. Develop a sense of clients inner experiencing, and work to understand presenting difficulties and goals.
clearing a space stage 1 marker: attentional focus difficulties 1) overwhelemed by multiple concerns and 2) feeling blank
symbolic-conceptual: an emotion scheme element - verbal or visual representation of the emotion scheme
empathic exploration task: the therpist attempts to faciliatate client experiencing by helping the client explore either a particular emotion scheme or a larger domain of experience.
structuring task responses: an experiential formulation- offer direct support and encouragement to engage in specific tasks
Relationship dialogue task - stage 2: task initiation- explore problem togehter.
process suggestions: an experiential formulation - encourage client to try specific things in the session including enactments & mental actions.
Empathy functions: 1) promotes positive working alliance, 2) helps to explore & deconstruct clients assumptions, 3) promotes and enhances clients capacity to regulate their affect.
emtion scheme nucleus: all the different elements around a particular emotion (often only recogised after self-reflection and other 4 elements)
markers (micorprocessors): client statements or behaviours that alert therapist to vaious forms of funcitiong - 5 types of microprocess markers
empathic exploration (empathy track): what is at the edge of the clients awareness; the task from which other tasks emerge.
dysfunctional emotion regulation: underarousal & overarousal: depression, anxiety, subs abuse etc. often used to regulate negative emotional state
case formulation: helps to organise complex info and serves as blueprint to guide treatment.
process observations: is an empathic exploration response - draw their attention to nonverbal signs of emotion so they become aware of them.
fit questions: is an empathic exploration response - "does that fit?" - ask if our desciption is right
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 4: emerging shift (partial resolution) - a small shift in sense of problem; expreiences positive new aspect of self.
characteristic style: type of marker - info re. attachement histories, and significant and traumatic life events
experiential mode of engagement: mode of engagement markers - used to engage in here & non experencing - 5 types - internal attending, experiential search, active expression, interpersonal contact, self-reflection
self-development: a task principle- foster client responsibility and empowerment
working alliance funtions: 1) therapists genuine empathic attitude and behaviour are growth promoting, helping client to understand and accept self, 2) helps devlope trust (most important.).
simple empathic understanding response: an experiential response mode - includes empathic reflection, empahtic affirmation, following responses. Used to show therapist is with client.
self-reflection: an experiential mode of engagement - consolidate, intergrate and act on some piece of experiential work
empathic affirmation of vulnerability - stage 6: positive self-scheme change (full resolution) - facilitate by exploring and validating the sense of relief and calm.
interpersonal contact: an experiential mode of engagement - open up and trust another person
General stages of task resolution& components of emotional intelligence - stage 3: exploration and deepening - used to access underlying feelings and emotion shemes, as well as needs and values.

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