Chapter 05- Skeletal System
Terms
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- Parts of the Skeletal System
- Bones, Joints, Cartiliges, Ligaments
- Sections of the Skeletal System
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Axial Skeletal
Appendicular System - Functions of the Bones
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01.Support the body
02.Protection of soft organs
03.Movement due to attached Skeletal Muscles
04.Storage of Minerals and Fats
05.Blood cell Formation - Long Bones
- longer then wide, have a shaft with heads at the end, contain compact bone,
- Short Bones
- Generally cubed shaped, contain mostly spongly bone, examples: carples,tarsals
- Flat Bones
- Thin and flattened, usually curved, think layers of compact bone around a layer of spongy bone. Examples- Skull, Ribs, Sternum
- Irregular Bones
- Irregular shape, does not fit into other bone clasification catagories. Examples- Vertebrae-Hips
- Diaphysis
- shaft of the bone- compact bone
- Epiphysis
- Head of the bone-spongy bone
- Periostem
- covering the shaft(fibrosis connective tissue)
- Sharpey's Fibers
- holds periosteum
- Arteries
- supply bone cells with nutrients
- Articular Cartilage
- covers the external surface of the epiphyses, made of hyaline cartilage, decrease friction at this joint
- Ossify
- When cartilage turns to bone
- Medullary Cavity
- Cavity of the Shaft, contains Yellow Marrow (mostly fat) in adults, contain Red Marrow (for blood cell formation) in infants.
- Lacnae
- cavities containing bone cells, arranging in concentric ring
- Lamellae
- rings around the central cavity, sites of lacunae
- Canaliculus
- Tiny canals, radiate from the central canal to lacunae, form a transport system.
- Osteocyte
- mature bone cell
- Epiphysal Line
- When the bone is completly ossified and stops growing.