JAMP Embryology: Chapter 12
Terms
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- Region of the somite that will form muscle:
- Myotome
- Tissue that can form fibroblasts, chondroblasts, or osteobasts:
- Mesenchyme
- Membranous bones derive directly from this tissue:
- Mesenchyme
- This tissue is derived from neural crest:
- Ectomesenchyme
- Somite region contributing to appendicular skeleton:
- Sclerotome
- The interzone mesenchyme develops into dense fibrous tissue in the:
- Cranial sutures
- The notochord persists to form the:
- Nucleus pulposus
- A bifid xiphoid process in some infants reflects development from:
- Paired sternal bars
- Sphenoid bone:
- Cartilaginous neurocranium
- Calvarium:
- Membranous neurocranium
- Ethmoid bone:
- Cartilaginous neurocranium
- Malleus:
- Cartilaginous viscerocranium
- Maxillary bone:
- Membranous viscerocranium
- Secondary ossification centers appear in limb bones at which time?
- Two years after birth
- During limb bud development, which area induces the mesenchyme to grow and differentiate along the limb axis?
- Apical epidermal ridge
- A child has multiple contracted joints, with deviated hands and elbows, clenched fists, and club feet. Diagnosis?
- Arthrogyrposis
- A newborn keeps his head tilted to one side, and a mass is noted on one sternocleidomastoid muscle. Diagnosis?
- Torticollis
- A 7 y.o. boy from Mexico has a severe limp and pain in his hip. Radiographs disclose a devormed acetabulum on the right with increased distance between the acetabular rim and femoral head. Diagnosis?
- Congenital dislocation of the hip
- A newborn has a prominent forehead, shallow nasal bridge, short proximal segments of the arms and legs, curved spine, and bilateral club feet. His birth length measures below the third centile but his birth weight is in the normal range. Diagnosis?
- Skeletal dysplasia
- A newborn has an asymmetric chest with one nipple higher than the other. He has syndactyly of digits 2 and 3 on the right. Diagnosis?
- Poland anomaly
- A newborn has a ventricular septal defect, multiple certebral anomalies with severe curvature of the spine (scoliosis), absence of the radius bilaterally (radial aplasia), and a normal facial appearance. A mass is felt on the right side of the abdomen. T
- Hydronephrosis