The Nervous System
Terms
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- Response
- The reaction to the stimulus. Like moving your hand away from a burning stove.
- Stimulus
- Anything/change in the environment that makes you react. Like feeling a burning stove
- Neurons
- The cells that carry information through your body/nervous system. Some of the cells in nerve tissues. Sensory, motor, and inter-neuron neurons.
- Nerve Impulse
- The messages carried by neurons. Consists of both electrical (along the nerve) and chemical (across the "gap"). Pain impulse, pleasure impulse, hot or cold.
- Dendrite
- The thread like extension on a neuron carrying impulses towards the cell body. The "top" part of the nerve
- Axon
- The extension on a neuron that carries impulses away from the neuron. The "lowest" part of the nerve.
- Nerve
- Bundles of nerve fibers. (nerve fibers are axons and dendrites in parallel bundles covered in connective tissue.
- Sensory Neurons
- Picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each of the stimuli into a nerve impulse. ____ ____ has to do with the 5 senses of the body. hearing and smelling...
- Motor Neurons
- A neuron that sends impulses to a muscle, that muscle contracts in response. Like picking up a phone.
- Interneurons
- A neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron (sensory or motor) to another. Neurons between sensory and motor neurons. Spinal Cord and the Brain. More _________ than motor or sensory
- Synapse
- The small space in between the axon tip and the next structure/dendrite. Where the chemical reaction happens between the axon and dendrite.
- Central Nervous System
- The Brain and Spinal cord. Directs body and what to do. Aka control center of the body. Like a conductor.
- Peripheral Nervous System
- Does the commands of the central nervous system. Like the musicians that follow the conductor.
- Brain
- Is in the skull, and is part of the central nervous system. Controls most functions in the body. About 100bill. neurons. Has 12 pairs of nerves. Main command center like a captain.
- Spinal Cord
- Thick column of nerve tissue. Links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system. Like a reporter, tells the news and gives new news.
- Cerebrum
- Interprets input from the senses, then controls movement of skeletal muscles, and processes. Like learning remembering and judgment. When you try to remember for a test you use your ________
- Cerebellum
- Coordinates actions of your muscles and helps keep balance. Such as walking.
- Brainstem
- Controls involuntary actions. Like breathing and having your heart beat. Your ________ makes sure you breath.
- Reflex
- Involuntary actions to maintain homeostasis. Like pulling your hand away from a hot stove when you burn yourself.
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Controls involuntary actions (part of the peripheral system). Breathing.
- Somatic Nervous System
- Controls voluntary actions (part of the peripheral system).
- Right Half of the Brain
- This half of the brain goes more towards creativity and artistic ability.
- Left Half of the Brain
- This half of the brain is more for mathematical skills, speech, writing, and logical thinking.
- Frontal Lobe
- Located at the front of the brain. Associated with reasoning.
- Parietal Lobe
- Located in the middle of the brain. Associated with the body's senses.
- Temporal lobe
- Located at the bottom of the brain. Associated with auditory cortex, which is important for interpreting sounds and the language we here.
- Occipital Lobe
- Located at eh back portion of the brain. Associated with interpreting visual stimuli and information.