GRE Essay Section Definitions and Terms
Terms
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- False Dilemna
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A statement that assumes there are only 2 options:
"America: Love it or leave it!" - Premise
- Claim that supports the conclusion
- Claim
- An assertion that is either true or false
- Conclusion
- The main claim of an argument
- Basic Argument Structure
- Persuasive appeal of 2+ statements, including at least one premise and at least one conclusion
- Overstated Generalization
-
a proposition that mkes a broad statement about a specific group/institution:
"It isn't up to schools to provide health education." - Appeal to Authority
- Invoking the views of authorities to support an argument.
- Inductive Fallacies
- Inappropriate reliance on a sample. Often involves inferences made on a large pop. based on a small sample.
- Hasty generalizations
- A conclusion drawn when the size of the sample is too small to serve as a basis for the conclusion.
- Unrepresentative Samples
- A sample that differs in significant ways from the population as a whole
- False Analogy
- Comparing two things that differ in such a way as to invalidate the commonality
- Fallacy of Exclusion
- Occurs when all relevant information isn't taken into account.
- Slippery Slope
- If X happens, then Y will definitely follow