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AP Exam 3 2

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Which of the following enzymes acts in the stomach?
a.Chymotrypsin
b.lingual lypase
c.carboypeptidase
d.enterokinase
e.dextrinase
Lingual lipase
Which of the following enzymes does not digest any nutrients?
a.Chymotrypsin
b.lingual lypase
c.carboypeptidase
d.enterokinase
e.dextrinase
Enterokinase
Which of the following is not an enzyme?
a.Chymotrypsin
b.lingual lypase
c.carboypeptidase
d.enterokinase
e.dextrinase
Carboypeptidase
The lacteals absorb...
a.chylomicrons
b.micelles
c.emulsification droplets
d.amino acids
e.monosaccharides
Monosaccharides
All of the following contribute to the smallintestine except...
a.its length
b.the brush border
c.haustra
d.circular folds
e.villi
Haustra
Which of the following is a peridontal tissue?
a.the gingiva
b.the enamel
c.the cementum
d.the pulp
e.the dentin
The gingiva
The____of the stomach most closely resembles the____of the small intestine.
a.gastric pits, intestinal crypts
b.pyloric glands, intestinal crypts
c.rugae, Peyer patches
d.parietal cells, goblet cells
e.gastric glands, duodenal gl
gastric pits, intestinal crypts
Which of the following cells secrete digestive enzymes?
a.chief cells
b.mucous neck cells
c.parietal cells
d.goblet cells
e.enteroendocrine cells
Chief cells
What phase of gastric regulation inculdes inhibition by the enterogastric reflex?
a.the intestinal phase
b.the gastric phase
c.the buccal phase
d.the cephalic phase
e.the pharyngo-esophageal phase
The intestinal phase
Cusps are a feature of the______surfaces of the molars and premolars.
occlusal
The acidity of the stomach deactivates____but activates_____of the saliva.
Amylase, Lipase
The_____salivary gland is named for its proximity to the ear.
partoid
Nervous stimulation of gastrointestinal activity is mediated mainly through the parasympathetic fivers of the _____nerves.
vagus
Food in the stomach causes G cells to secrete_____, which in turn stimulates the secretion of HCL and pesinogen.
gastrin
Hepatic macrophages occur in bloodfilled spaces of the liver called_____.
sinusoids
The brush border enzyme that finishes the job of starch digestion, producing glucose, is called_____. Its substrate is_____.
maltase, maltose
Fats are transported in the lymph and blood in the form of droplets called_____.
chylomicrons
Within the absoprtive cells of the small intestine, ferritin binds the nutrient____.
iron
The submucosal and myenteric nerve plexuses collectively constitue the_____nervous system.
enteric
Fat is not digested until it reaches the duodenum.
True
A tooth is composed mostly of enamel.
False, most of the tooth is dentin.
Hepatocytes secrete bile into the hepatic sinosoids.
False, Hepatocytes secrete bile into the bile canaliculi.
Cholecystokinin stimulate the release of bile into the duodenum.
True
Perstalsis is ocntrolled yb the myenteric nerve plexus.
True
Pepsinogen, trypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase are enxymatically inactive zymogens.
True
The absorption of dietary iron dependson intrinsic factor.
False, intrinsic factor is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12.
Filling of the stomach stimulates contractions of the colon.
True
The duodenum secretes a hormone that inhibits contractions of the stomach.
True
Tight junctions of the small intestine prevent anything from leaking between the epithelial cells.
False, water, glucose, and other nutrients pass between cells, through the tight junctions.
_____are not used as fuel and are required in relativily small quantities.
a.Micronutrients
b.Macronutrients
c.essential nutrients
d.Proteins
e.Lipids
Micronutrients
The only significant digestible polysaccharide in the diet is..
a.glycogen
b.cellulose
c.starch
d.maltose
e.fiber
Starch
Which of the following stores the greatest amount of energy for the smallest amount of space in the body?
a.glucose
b.triglycerides
c.glycogen
d.proteins
e.vitamins
Triglycerides
The lipoprotiens that remove choelsterol from teh tissues are
a.chylomicrons
b.lipoprotein lipase
c.VLDLs
d.LDLs
e.HDLs
HDLs
Proteins serve all of the following fucntions except to act as
a.enzymes
b.coenzymes
c.hormones
d.antibodies
e.structural support for cells
Coenzymes
The primary fucntion of B-complex vitamins is to act as
a.structural compononents of cells
b.sources of energy
c.componenets of pigments
d.antioxidents
e.coenzymes
Coenzymes
FAD is reduced to FADH2 in
a.glycolysis
b.anaerobic fermentation
c.the citric acid cycle
d.the electron-transport chain
e.Beta-oxidation of lipids
The citric acid cycle
The primary, direct benefit of anaerobic fermentation is to
a.regenerate NAD+
b.produce FADH2
c.produce lactic acid
d.dispose of pyruvic acid
e.produce more ATP than glycolysis does
Regenerate NAD+
Which of these occurs in the mitochondrial matrix?
a.glycolysis
b.chemiosmosis
c.the cytochrome reactions
d.the citric acid cycle
e.anaerobic fermentation
The citric acid cycle
When the body emits more infrared energy than it aborbs, it is losing heat by
a.convection
b.forced convection
c.conduction
d.radiation
e.evaporatiion
Radiation
A/an_____protein lacks one or more essential amino acids.
Incomplete
In the postabsorptive state, glycogen is hydrolyzed to liberate glucose. This process is called____.
Glycogenolysis
Synthesis of glucose from amino acids or triglycerides is called____.
Gluconeogensis
The major nitrogenous waste resulting from protein catabolism is ______.
Urea
The absorptive state is regulated mainly by the hormone______.
Insulin
The temperature of organs in teh body cavities is called_____.
Core temerpature
The feeding center, satiety center, heat-losing center, and heat-promoting center are nuclei located in part of the brain called the_____.
Hypothalamus
The brightly colored, iron-containint, electron-transfer molecules of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called____.
Cytochromes
The flow of H+ from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix creates an electrical current used by the enzyme____ to make ____.
ATP synthase, ATP
Orexin and leptin are tow hormones that stimulate the appetite.
False, Leptin supporesses the appetite.
Water is a nutrient, but oxygen and cellulose are not.
True
An extremely low-fat diet can cause vitamin-deficiency diseases.
True
Most of the body's cholesterol comes from the diet.
False, Most of the cholesterol is endogenouse, not dietary
There is not harm in maximizing one's daily protein intake.
False, Excessive protein intake can cause renal damage
Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic fermentation.
True
Reactions occurring on the mirochondrial inner membrane produce more ATP than glycolysis and the matrix reactions combined.
True
Gluconeogensis occurs especially in the absorptive state during and shortly after a meal.
False, Gluconeogensis is a postabsorptive phenomenon
Brown fat generates more ATP than white fat and is therefore especially important for thermoregulation.
False, brown fat does not generate ATP.
At a comfortable air temperature, the body loses more heat as infrared radiation tha by any other means.
True

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