BIOL 1010 Lecture 11
Intro to Animals, Sponges
Terms
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- Somatic cells
- any cell in multicellular organism except an egg or sperm
- Hox complex
- (hemeobox genes) control development along long axis of body; regulate expression of hierarchy of other genes that control development of body parts along the front- back axis
- mesoderm
- One of the three primary (embryonic) germ layers formed during gastrulation. Mesoderm ultimately forms 'middle' structures such as bones, muscles, blood vessels, heart, kindeys, etc.
- ectoderm
- The outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and, in some phyla, the nervous system, inner ear, and lens of the eye
- endoderm
- The innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver, pancreas, lungs, and the lining of the digestive tract
- pseudocoelom
- fluid-filled body cavity that develops between the mesoderm and endoderm
- coelom
- fluid-filled body cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm
- sponges
- Have no tissues, no organs and most have no symmetry - name means pore-bearers
- suspension feeding
- Aquatic organisms that collect suspended food particles from the surrounding water; particles may be filtered or taken by other methods.
- phylum porifera
- sponges; sessile (attached at base; don't move); glass, carbonate, or protein fibbers for support; 2 layers separated by gelatinous region; filter feeders; body with pores
- chanocytes
- specialized cells lining the interior surface of the radial canals which trap small food particles with their flagella and engulf them through phagocytosis
- amoebocytes
- the "do-all" cells of sponges, moving by means of pseudopodia, they digest and distribute food, transport oxygen, and disposes of waste. they manufacture the fibers that make up a sponges skeleton
- osculum
- A large opening on a sponge through which filtered water is expelled
- sessile
- describes an organism that remains attached to a surface for its entire life and does not move