biology 11,12,13
Terms
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- Introns
- a non-coding, intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene
- genome
- complete genetic material contained in an individual
- repressor protein
- is a protein that inhabits a specific gene from being expressed
- operator
- is a DNA segment that serves as a binding site for an inhibitory protein that blocks transcrition and prevents protein synthesis from occuring
- metastasis
- the spreading of a disease to another part of the body
- chromosome map
- a diagram that shows the linear sequence of genes on a chromosome
- linkage group
- All of the genes that are on the same chromosome.
- structual genes
- genes that code for particular polypeptides
- activation
- initiation of transcription by the removal of a repressor protein
- operon
- is a series of genes that code for specific products and the regulatory elements that control these genes
- huntington's disease
- dominant allele located on an autosome
- enhancer
- a non-coding control sequence in a eukaryotic gene
- euchromatin
- a region of DNA that is uncoiled and undergoing active transcription into RNA
- sex linkage
- an association between genes in sex chromosomes that makes some characteristics appear more frequently in one sex than in the other
- promotor
- is a DNA segment that recognizes the enzyme RNA polymearse and thus promotes transcription
- cancer
- any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division
- tumor
- a mass of abnormal cells that develop when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably
- lac operon
- structual genes coded for the enzymes that regulate lactose matoblism
- transcription factors
- bind to enhancers and RNA polymearse and regulate transcription
- homeotic genes
- regulatory genes that determine where certain anatomical structures will develop in an organism during morphogenisis
- map unit
- in chromosome mapping, an increment of 1 percent in the frequency of crossing-over
- morphogenesis
- the development of form in an organism
- pedigree
- Can reveal mode of inheritance & may be used when crosses are not possible
- benign tumor
- a tumor that is not cancerous
- cell differentiation
- the develpment of cells having specialized function
- PKU
- a genetic disorder of metabolism
- translocation
- The transfer of a chromosome segment to a nonhomologous chromosome.
- regulator gene
- codes for the production of the repressor protein
- homeobox
- one of various similar homeotic genes that are involved in bodily segmentation during embryonic development
- repression
- the blockage of transcription by the action of the repressor protein
- growth factors
- hormones that under normal circumstances must be present to perform cell division.
- gene expression
- is the activation of a gene that results in the formation of a protein
- Exons
- sections of a structuall gene that when expressed and translated into proteins
- inducer
- a molecule that initiates gene expression
- malignant tumor
- a tumor that is malignant and tends to spread to other parts of the body