Chapter 7
Terms
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- Lysosome
- cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
- Mitochondria
- cell organelle that converts the chemical energy found in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
- equilibrium
- when the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution
- isotonic
- when the concentration of two solutions is the same
- hypertonic
- when comparing two solutions, the solution with higher concentration of solutes
- Prokaryote
- unicellular organism lacking a nucleus
- Diffusion
- the process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area in which they are less concentrated
- Golgi apparatus
- stacks of membranes inside the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
- organelle
- specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
- hypotonic
- when comparing two solutions, the solution with lesser concentration of solutes
- organ system
- a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
- Ribosome
- small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
- Cell Wall
- strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
- Osmosis
- the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
- Nucleus
- the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons; in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activites
- facilitated diffusion
- movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels
- organ
- group of tissues that work together to preform a closly related function
- tissue
- group of similar cells that perform a paritcular function
- active transport
- energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
- Chloroplast
- organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
- Eukaryote
- organsim whose cells contain nuclei