Bio Final
Terms
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- genetic code
- rule all livings share; gene from one organism will still work it it's transferred to another organism
- stem cells
- cells that differentiate into different kinds of specialized cells
- embroynic stem cells
- cells that arise early in development and then turn into different types of cells
- genetically modified organism (GM)
- organism whose genome has been modified; example vegetables
- recombinant DNA technology
- dna from different sources even different species is RECOMBINED into a single DNA molecule
- adult stem cells
- present in adult tissue that are not completely differentied to they have the ability to differentiae to replace hurt tissue
- specialization
- cells in body that perform certain tasks
- operon
- cluster of genes that perform a common function; activated by control sequences
- reproductive cloning
- clones produced that individuals genetically identical to parent
- control sequences
- sequences of dna that turn genes on or off when necessasry
- plasmids
- bits of dna in bacteria that can absorb dna and incorporate it into their genomes
- repressor
- prevents rna polymerase from transcribing the genes of an operon
- operator
- segment of dna that turns operon on and off
- transgenic organism
- organism whose genome contains DNA from a different species
- nuclear transplantation
- nuclues from parent placed in ovum from donor to create numerous clones, (endandegred species)
- restriction ezymes
- enzymes that can cut genes of interest out of a DNA strand
- clone
- stomatic cell with an identical set of dna
- theraputic cloning
- attempt to create new individual but also produce embryonic stem cells
- regeneration
- reproducing cells to replace lost
- gene expression
- process which genetic information flows from genes to proteins
- tumor-suppressor genes
- prevents cell from becoming cancerous
- carcinogens
- enviromental factors that cause cells to be cancerous
- oncogenes
- a gene, when activated can cause cancer
- gene regualtion
- turning on and off of specific genes within a living organim