Plants
Terms
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- response
- an organism's reaction to the stimulus (either towards or away from it)
- stimulus
- anything in the environment that causes an organism to change
- tropism
- a plant's response to an external stimulus
- positive tropism
- towards the stimulus
- negative tropism
- away from the stimulus
- plant stimuli types
- - Light...phototropism - plant grows towards the light - Light...photoperiodism - plants response to the number of hours of daylight and darkness it receives - Gravity...gravitropism, ex. roots grow downward because of gravity
- nonvascular
- - no specialized tissue - rhizoids instead of roots - reproduce using spores, not seeds - stem and leaf like - grow close to ground moist areas - food for worms and hold soil - ex. moss, liverwort, hornwort
- vascular
- - special tissue - xylem - transports water - phloem - transports sugar and nutrients - cambium - found in trees - "True" roots, leaves, stems ex. seedless = horsetails, clubmosses, ferns seeds = flowers, trees, fruits
- rhizoids
- small, root-like structures that help absorb water
- xylem
- transports water
- phloem
- transports sugar and nutrients
- cambium
- found in trees
- gymnosperms
- vascular plants that produce seeds NOT protected by fruits -no flowers -needlelike -conifers: "cone bearers" (pines, furs, spruces) -produce male and female cones for reproduction ex. evergreen trees
- angiosperms
- produce flowers and/or fruits with seeds -Monocotyledon -Dicotyledons -Cotyledon - food supply for baby (plant) embryo
- monocots
- - flower parts (petals) are in multiples of 3 - long and narrow leaves (veins of leaves) -scattered bundles of tissue ex. corn, rice, wheat and barley, bananas, lilies
- dicots
- - flower parts (petals) are in multiplies of 4 and 5 - network (branching) of veins in leaves - tissue bundles are organized - ex. maple, oak trees, peanuts, apples, green beans
- pollination
- the process of transportation the pollen to the stigma
- germination
- the growth of a plant from a seed
- fertilization
- when the two gametes come together to form a zygote
- Flower Diagram