Communication Disorders 201
Terms
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- conductive hearing loss
- the factors that block the conductive of sound into and through the hearing mechanism
- sensorineural hearing loss
- hearing loss caused by disease of the inner ear or neural transmission of sound
- aspiration
- the inhalation of fluids or other matter into the airway
- larynx muscles and bones
- Hyoid Bond Epiglottis Arytenoid Cartilage Thyroid Cartilage Cricoid Cartilage
- hypernasality
- faliure to move the velum rapidly enough to match the demands of the particular utterance can result in excessively nasal speech
- corpus callosum
- what connects the left and right hemispheres
- Pharynx
- the first area of the vocal tract through which the sound wave travel lies immediatly above the larynx
- peripheral nervous system
- the nervous system that extends beyond that brain and the spinal cords, including peripheral sensory nerves that send impluses to the central nervous system and motor nerves that carry effector impulses to peripheral stuctures
- Central nervous system
- the brain and spinal cord, exclusive of the cranial and peripheral nerves
- Cerebellum
- a brain structure that sits below the cerebral hemisphere and above the pons, playing an important role in muscular function
- frontal lobe
- motor cortex
- Parietal lobe
- sensory cortex
- occipial lob
- visual information
- temporal lobe
- auditory cortex, important for language comprehension and memory
- subcortical
- basal ganglia thalamus
- cranial nerves
- 12 paired peripheal nerves that derive from or come into the cranial cavity
- phone
- the actual production of a sound by a speaker
- allophone
- refers to the variations in phones that are still catergorized as the same phoneme
- stops/ plosives
- produced by briefly obstructing the air flow and then releasing
- cognates
- each pair of consonants that have the same manner and place of production.
- fricative
- are created by articulators forming a constriction of the airway that produces some audible noise as air flows through
- Continuants
- they are fricatives because they can be continued as long as the airflow in present
- affricate
- are a combo of of a stop and fricative
- nasals
- produced with the velopharyngeal port open
- liquids/ lateral
- tongue tip raised to contact the alveolar ridge with opening along the sides of the tongue allow the air stream to pass
- glide
- requires movement of the articulators during phonation in order to be produced
- co articulation
- the production of 2 or more consonants of vowels in normal speech production of a word
- prosody of speech
- tempo, rhythm, and intonation with which the sounds and words are spoken