Male Reproductive 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
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sex cells=gametes
male gamete sperm
female ovum egg -
balan/o penis
orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o testis -
prostat/o prostate gland
scrot/o scrotum
urethr/o urethra
vas/o vas deferens - meet in female's reproductive system create new individual
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male repro system
penis epididymis
scrotum seminal vesicles
testicles prostate gland
vas deferens - some visible some hidden
- male repro system essential to perpetuation of life female dependent fertilization
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testosterone
hormone boys to men without it men wouldn't be able to make sperm reproduction impossible - both male and female produce nourish and transport egg or sperm
- male genitals**** inside and out testicles duct system epididymis vas deferens accessory glands and penis
- testicles ***testes produce and store sperm cells counterpart of ovaries oval 1 inch produce hormones testeosterone stimulates production sperm and facilitates maturation
- duct system*** = epididymis vas deferens each epi lies against tesstes coiled tubes stores matures spermatoza
- epididymis transports sperm to vas deferens (continuation of epididymis) goes to prostatic urethra ends as ejaculatory duct
- epididymis and vas deferens in pouch-like structure scrotum
- accessory glands*** and seminal vesicles and prostate gland fluids semen lubricate duct system nourish sperm
- seminal vesicles*** saclike structures attached to vas deferens side of bladder
- prostate gland produces components sof semen surrounds ejaculatory ducts base of urethra below bladder
- urethra carries semen throough penis urethra discharges urine
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penis ***
shaft main part
glans tip
foreskin -
inside penis
spongy tissue expand and contracts - sensation within penis by dorsal ***penile nerves branches sof internal pudendal*** nerves which send signals to muscles control ejaculation
- erection due to nerves called nervi erigentes
- blood flow in penis by cavernous arteries branches of penile artery
- cavernous arteries middle of corpora cavernosa chambers separate to form numerous spiral branches helicine*** arteries supplies blood to erection-forming tissuke
- blood leaves penis 3 major veins
- 1 deep dorsal vein drains most blood from penile chambers corpora cavernosa corpus spongiosum and glands penis
- 2 intermediate cavernous and crural veins
- 3 superficial dorsal vein
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urethra
carries urine from bladder app 8-9" from bladder neck to end of penis -
urethra*** 3 portions
prostatic membranous and spongy portions -
prostatic
widest part of tube throgh prostate gland ***walls fibrous tissue muscle fibers glandular openings connect to prostate gland ejaculatory ducts of prostate direct semen into urethra -
membranous portion
3/4" long between triangular ligaments of male pelvis -
spongy portion
longest part of urethra extends through body of penis exits at glands urethra surrounded and protected by corpus spongiosum -
scrotum
loose pouch skin scrotal sac hold and protect*** testicles make sperm temp lower than inside body outside the body to keep temp at 92-93degrees 6 degrees lower than body -
scrotum
can change size maintain right temp cold shrinks tighter to hold heat
warm becomes larger floppy rid heat brain and nervous system -
testes
sperm-producing glands in scrotum egg-shaped organs 2" secrete androgenic hormone testosterone*** fertile male needs one testis and tubular system manufacture and carry sperm -
scrotum
protects testicles outside body coiled ***tubes inside testicles make sperm cells rest of life 100 mill each daiy sperm 1/600" long -
testosterone
develop deper voices bigger muscles body and facial hair -
epididymis
long coiled tube on top of behind each testicle transport sperm from testicle through epididymis 4-6*** weeks to travel - after epididymis sperm out of scrotal sac via vas deferens mill sperm enter vas each day
- vas deferens extends from epididymis** to urethra connects the two parts also storehouse for sperm
- seminal vesicles and prostate gland responsible for producing fluids mix with sperm create semen**
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semen
fluid leaves penis ejaculate sperm pumped oput through vas deferens** mix with semen from seminal vesicles and prostate gland travel out urethra -
each ejaculation
can contain 500 mill*** sperm -
male sex organs
work together produce semen release sperm to female produce and secrete sex hormones -
puberty
hormones male to mature man 9-14 pituitary gland stimulates testicles produce testosterone for sexual changes to set sequence -
first stage
growth of scrotum and testes penis longer seminal vesicles prostate gland grow hair appears pubic area 2 years later face and underarms voice deepens first ejaculation growth spurt - adult male produces mill sperm cells erery day developed in testicles in system of tubes called seminiferous tubules
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seminiferous tubules***
baby tubules simple round cells puberty testosterone other hormones cause cells divide and change thin with head and tail tadpoles** -
sperm
head contains genetic ***material genes
tails used to propel themselves into epididymis complete development - after epididymis sperm move to vas deferens or sperm duct
- seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce whitish fluid seminal fliid mixes with sperm to for semen
- tissues in penis fills with blood erect muscles around reproductive organs contract and force semen through duct system and urethra***
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semen expelled from body through uethra inside penis process called ejaculation
milliliter of semen 100*** mill sperm - sperm manufactured in seminiferous tubules*** in each testicle head carries DNA combined with egg's DNA create individual
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sperm head
called acrosome penetrates egg
mid-piece contains mitochondria supplies energy tail needs to move
tail whip-like movements propel sperm to egg
reach uterus and fallopian tube to fertilize -
rigidity of erect penis
aids insertion into vagina semen deposited into vagina sperm up uterus help from uterine contractions - if mature egg available single sperm pentetrates fertilization occurs conception
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fertilized egg
zygote contains 46 chromosomes half from egg half from sperm - cell divides again and again in uterus
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Testicular Disorders
testicular trauma***
slightest injury severe pain burising swelling sports athletic cups -
testicular torsion***
12-18yrs. testicle twists on spermatic cord trauma actiity or no reason 1in 4000 younger 25 -
undescended tisticles ***
not descended into scrotum at birth surgery -
testicular cancer***
common under40 cells in testes divide early cure excellent Lance armsstrong spread to abdodmen lungs brain -
epididymitis***
inflammation coiled tubes connect testes with vas deferens STDs chlamydia pain swelling back testicle -
hydrocele***
flid in membranes surrounding testes birth or later swelling of testicle painless draw out fluid needle -
inguinal hernias***
intestines through abdominal wall into groin scrotum bulge swelling in groin area surgery -
anorchia***
congential absence both testes -
cyptorchism***
cnogenital 1-2 testicles in abdominal cavity not descended at birth -
Penile Disorders
hypospadias
birth defect opeining of urethra wrong place underside of penis surgery -
phimosis***
tightening of foreskin of penis children resolves w/o treatment -
ambiguous genitalia***
aren't clearly male or female -
micropenis***
below average size -
balanitis ***
inflammation of glans penis phimosis -
circumcision
foreskin removed religious besliefs hygiend cultural social reasons -
sterility/infertility
does not produce sperm or not enough abnormalikties of repro organs inflammation alcoholism STDs -
impotence
unable acheive erection sustain common physical/psychological aging meds disease depression anxiety stress -
varicocele
infertility due to varicose vein in testicles poor circulation decreased spem production -
priapism ***
stays erect leads to damage to erectile bodies persisting high pressures 6 hours or beyond erectile bodies damaged -
Peyronies disease***
curved penis scar tissue pulling one sice sometimes cause unknown -
erectile dysfunction ED***
total inablility acheive erection inconsistent or tendency briefly -
azoopermia***
absence of sperm in semen -
epispadias congential***
opeing of urethra not in correct place -
hypospadias***
common opeing on underside not at end of penis -
oligospermia***
low sperm count
testitis****
orchitis inflammation of testis -
prostatitis***
general term family of diseases inflammation or pain prostate region -
benign prostatic hypertrophy***
common prostate gland enlarged man ages BPH - BPH
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penile tumescence self test
checks for nighttime erections physically capable outcome will determine cause of erectile dysfunction treatment options 3 nights stamps wrapepd around mid shaft if stamps broken swelled and hardened -
penile implant ***
device inside penis -
circumcision***
surgical removal of foreskin -
orchiopexy***
undescended testicle (cryptorchism) repair correct surgery -
prostatectomy***
surgical removal all or part of prostate gland -
TURP***
transurethral resection of the prostate
removal of all or part of prostate through urethra -
vasectomy***
tie the tubes vas deferens permanent sterility small incisison upper part of sscrotum -
semen analysis ***
sperm count test performed if fertility in question sperm production or quality of sperm -
drug therapy
meds improve sperm production hormonal*** dysfunction infections fight sperm antibodies - administration of testosterone for deficiency
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Tamoxifen Nolvadex
antiestrogen agent
stimulate gonadotropin male hormone release testos produc
stomy opening mouth**** -
antibiotics s
levofloxacin** Levaquin
doxycycline Periostat
fertility-impairing infections of urinarpy tract testes and prostate STDs -
Types of Drugs
antiestrogens
aromatase inhibitors
gonadotropins -
kallikrein
indomethacin
phosphodiesterase inhibitors
low dose corticossteroids -
androgens
zinc -
vit C E A
other antioxidants