Sign Language Notes Exam #1
Terms
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- Is ASL universal?
- No, just in America.
- What are the two schools of thought about ASL
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1. It is a poor substitute for English.
2. It is the very basis by which Deaf Culture is defined. - How many Americans are deaf?
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It is unclear b/c of lack of research.
It is estimated that are is approx. 1/2 million but it depends on the science of hearing and what qualifies as being deaf. - Deaf (capital D)
- No usable hearing w/ no intentions of speaking b/c they are proudly emersed in daf culture.
- deaf (little d)
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Hard of hearing. Not profoundly deaf. They can benefit from hearing aids or choclear implants. Emersed in the deaf AND hearing cultures.
They can use speech as a primary communication.
May become DDDeaf later in life. - Is ASL offered as a foreign language credit?
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At some universities it is.
Some schools do not recognize it as a language. - What happens if a deaf or hard of hearing person is on a sports team?
- Results in many coaches, recrutiers, and other staff members needing to take an interest in the language.
- What was an ASL sports invention?
- At Galadand? University, the huddle was started
- Is ASL complete as a language?
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NO, it is still evolving.
Signs are adopted b/c of simplicity (there may be 3 or 4 signs for the same word) - What is SEE2?
- Signed Exact English
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What is Signed Exact English?
4 criteria -
Uses English word order
You sign every word
You use prefixes and suffixes
Used almost exclusively by hearing or hard of hearing people. - What is SE?
- Signed English
- What is SE? 4 Criteria
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1) Uses english word order
2) Can Sign and Speak it
3) Uses no prefixes or suffixes
4) Used mostly by hearing or deaf (lil d) people - What is PSE?
- Pidgin/Contact Signed English
- What is PSE? 3 Criteria
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1) Uses english word order
2) doesn't sign every word (you drop the smaller words)
3) Used mostly by hearing people to communicate with the deaf - What is ASL? Give 3 criteria for it.
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1) it is its own language with its own grammatical rules NOT A FORM OF ENGLISH.
2) It is conceptual (one sign can stand for a whole entire concept)
3) No written equivalent for it. - What are 4 alternatives to sign language?
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1) Lip Reading
2) Cued Speech
3) Finger Spelling (aka the Rochester Method)
4) Teaching speech to deaf people - What did Helen Keller use to communicate?
- Tactile Sign Language
- How many deaf children have hearing parents?
- roughly 84% of deaf children have hearing parents.
- How many deaf children have hearing parents that are unable to sign to them?
- 72 or 74% can't sign to their kids.
- What is a TDD?
- Telecommunication device for the Deaf
- What is a TTY?
- Teletype Writer
- What does a TTY allow somebody to do?
- allows deaf and hearing impaired people to talk over the phone. (like aim for the phone)
- What does "ga" mean over the TTY?
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go ahead
other person can talk now - What does "sk" mean over the the TTY?
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stop keying
signals end of the conversation - What does a Relay service do?
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allows deaf or hearing impaired people to "talk" to the hearing world.
Operators act as a 3rd party for the conversation. - What are the 4 types of causes of deafness?
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Prenatal
Childhood causes
Inherited causes
Drug inducedW - What are some prenatal deafness causes?
- Rubella (german measles), STD's (syphillis), chicken pox, cerebral palsy, mumps, flu, and loss of oxygen at birth
- What percentage of deafness occurs due to prenatal factors?
- 7-20%
- What are three childhood causes of deafness?
- Ear infections (otitis media), meningitis, and scarlet fever
- Explain the inherited cause of deafness.
- Deafness is an autosomal recessive inherited trait. When both parents carry the recessive gene for deafness, they make a baby and it might show up to be deaf.
- Explain drug induced deafness.
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Antibiotics may contain "otoxins" which may interfere with inner ear function.
Other drugs etc.