MPCS7thBrainVocab
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- What does the cell body do?
- it contains the nucleus which controls the cells' activities
- What controls breathing?
- medulla
- What are the 3 main parts of the brain (YOU WILL HAVE TO LABEL THESE)?
- the Cerebrum, the Cerebellum, and the Medulla
- sensory neuron
- picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse
- What is in control of the smoothness of movement?
- cerebellum
- What are lightning fast, automatic, and travel only to the spinal cord?
- reflexes
- What are some examples of involuntary responses to a stimulus?
- increased heart rate, the pupils' response to a light, blinking, sneezing, a knee jerk
- How fast can a nerve impulse travel?
- as fast as 120 meters per second
- What does the nervous system do?
- receives information about what is happening both inside and outside the body and directs the way in which your body responds to information
- interneuron
- carry nerve impulses from one neuron to another
- The Peripheral Nervous System is the what between the CNS and the rest of the body?
- link
- homeostasis
- maintaining a balance by directing the body to respond appropriately to the information it receives
- What layer adheres to the folds of the brain?
- inner layer
- Which layer is a tough layer that makes contact with the skull?
- outer layer
- Which neurons send impulses to the muscles?
- motor neurons
- Which part of the brain is located behind the Cerebrum?
- Cerebellum
- What controls artisitc and mathematical abilities?
- cerebrum
- axon
- carries impulses away from the cell body
- What are the different types of neurons in the nervous system?
- sensory, interneurons, and motor neurons
- neuron
- can have many dendrites but only one axon
- What is the function of motor neurons?
- to take messages from the brain and spinal cord to a muscle or gland cell
- What releases chemicals allowing an impulse to cross a synapse?
- axon tips
- What controls the heartbeat and blood pressure?
- medulla
- receptors
- structures that pick up stimuli from the environment and then trigger nerve impulses in the sensory neurons
- neurons
- cells that carry information through your nervous system - also called nerve cells
- What controls attitudes and emotions?
- cerebrum
- What makes up the peripheral nervous system?
- all the nerves located outside of the central nervous system
- stimulus
- any change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react
- What are the parts of a neuron (be able to label these)?
- the cell body, the dendrites, and the axons
- How do nerve impulses travel?
- in the form of electrical and chemical signals
- What makes up the central nervous system?
- the brain and the spinal cord
- response
- what your body does in reaction to a stimulus
- What layer is separated from the inner layer by a watery fluid?
- middle layer
- What is an effector?
- a cell that is stimulated by the motor neuron
- What are the functions of the nervous system?
- to receive and send out information about activities withing the body and to monitor and respond to changes in the environment
- dendrite
- a thread-like extension that carries impulses (messages) toward the cell body
- What is unique about nerve cells?
- they can't regenerate or be replaced if damaged or destroyed
- What pathway does a message take from the sensory neuron to the interneurons and to then to the motor neurons?
- nerve impulse
- What is the control center of the body?
- the central nervous system
- Which part of the brain is involved in movement of the skeletal muscles, maintainin balance, and the subconscious?
- Cerebellum
- nerve
- a bundle of nerve fibers
- What are the functions of the nervous system?
- to receive information, to respond to information, and to maintain homeostasis
- What do dendrites do?
- carry messages to the cell body (many messages)
- What body covering protects the brain?
- cranium
- What controls balance?
- cerebellum
- What is the name of the gap between 2 neutrons?
- synapse
- What is the name of the series of bones that protects the spinal cord?
- vertebrae
- synapse
- a tiny space between each axon tip and the next structure
- What are axon terminals?
- the ends of the axons
- What do impulses travel along?
- the length of the axon
- How many pairs of nerves connect the brain with the rest of the nervous system?
- 31
- What can be thought of as a river?
- synapse
- spinal cord
- thick column of nerve tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves in the peripheral nervous system
- Where does learning and judgment occur in the brain?
- cerebrum
- Which part of the brain is involved in learning, intelligence, all voluntary movement, and thinking?
- Cerebrum
- What is the function of an axon?
- to carry nerve impulses away from the body
- What are nerve cells?
- the basic unit of structure and function in the nervous system
- What controls body activities that are involuntary?
- Automatic Nervous System
- What is the message-carrying cell?
- the neuron
- How often does a message make the journey through the body?
- every second hundreds of messages do
- What term means "perfect balance"?
- homeostasis
- What is the definition of a stimuli?
- a change in the environment that causes a response
- How many layers of connective tissue protect and nourish the brain?
- three
- What kinds of neurons are found in the body?
- sensory, interneurons, and motor
- Which nerves work against each other to keep body activities in homeostasis?
- the nerves of the ANS
- What interprets the impulses from the many interneurons?
- the brain
- Which part of the brain is involved in involuntary activities such as the beating of the heart and the breathing reflex?
- Medulla
- What do axons do?
- carry messages away from the cell body (only one message)
- What does the Peripheral Nervous System consist of?
- 43 pairs of nerves - 31 spinal nerves and 12 cranial nerves
- What are the 2 main divisions of the Nervous System?
- Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
- Which part of the brain is divided into two halves; each half controls the opposite side of the body?
- Cerebrum
- What maintains homeostasis in the body?
- the nervous system
- What can be thought of as a road that leads to a riverbank?
- axon
- What do axon terminals do?
- they pass on messages to the dendrites of another neuron
- What is the function of a sensory neuron?
- to take messages from receptors and send signals to the spinal cord and brain
- Which part of the brain connects the brain to the spine?
- Medulla
- What controls voluntary movements?
- cerebrum
- What is the function of interneurons?
- to connect sensory neurons to motor neurons
- What is the function of the water fluid between the layers of the brain?
- shock absorbing
- What are some examples of voluntary responses to a stimulus?
- food, television, sports
- What are the divisions of the ANS (automatic nervous system)?
- group that triggers an action by an organ and group that slows down or stops the actions
- What acts like the musicians?
- the nerves of the peripheral nervous system
- nerve impulse
- the message that a neuron carries
- What acts like a conductor?
- the central nervous system
- What is an example of homeostasis occurring in the body?
- when the body gets hot, one sweats to cool the body back down
- nerve fibers
- axons and dendrites are sometimes called this - they are arranged in parallel bundles covered with connective tissue like a package of uncooked spaghetti wrapped in cellophane
- What are the divisions of the Cerebrum?
- frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe
- What is the function of receptors?
- to receive information from one's surroundings
- Where does an impulse enter the neuron?
- through the dendrites
- motor neuron
- sends an impulse to a muscle, and the muscle contracts in response