Abnormal Psych Chapter 2 Vocabulary
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- a set of assumptions and concepts that helps scientisrs explain and interpret observations.
- Model or Paradigm
- a neve cell
- neuron
- a chemical that, released by one neuron, crosses the synaptic space to be received at receptors on the dendrites of neighboring neurons.
- neurotransmitter
- The chemicals released by glands into the bloodstream.
- Hormones
- Chromosome segments that control the characteristics and traits we inherit.
- Gene
- Drugs that primarily affect the brain and reduce many symptoms of mental dysfunctioning.
- Psychotropic Medications
- A form of biological treatment used primarily on depressed patients, in which a brain seizure is triggered as an electric current passes through electrodes attached to the patient's forehead.
- Electroconvulsive therapy
- Brain surgery for mental disorders.
- Psychosurgery
- According to Freud the psychological force that produces instinctual needs, drives and impulses.
- ID
- According to Freud the psychological force that employs reason and operates in accordance with the reality principle.
- EGO
- stategies developed by the ego to control unacceptable id impulses and to avoid or reduce the anxiety they arouse.
- EGO defense mechanisms
- According to Freud, the psychological force that represents a person's values and ideals.
- Superego
- A condition in which the id, ego, and superego do not mature properly and are frozen at an early stage of development.
- Fixation
- The psychodynamic theory that emphasizes the role of the ego and considers it an important force.
- Ego theory
- The psychodynamic theory that emphasizes the role of the self-our unified personality.
- Self theory
- the psychodynamic theory that views the desire for relationships as the key motivating force in human behavior.
- Object relations theory
- A psychodynamic technique in which the patient describes any thought, feeling or image that comes to mind, even if it seems unimportant.
- Free Association
- An unconscious refusal to participate fully in therapy.
- Resistance
- According to psychodynamic theorists a process that occurs during psychotherapy, in which patients act toward the therapist as they did or do toward important figures in their lives.
- Transference
- A series of ideas and images that form during sleep.
- Dreams
- the relieving of past repressed feelings in order to settle internal conflicts and overcome problems.
- Catharsis
- The psychoanalytic process of facing conflicts, reinterpreting feelings and overcoming one's problems.
- Working through
- A simple form of learning
- Conditioning
- A process of learning in which behavior that leads to satisfying consequences is likely to be repeated.
- Operant conditioning
- A process of learning in which behavior that leads to satisyfing consequences is likely to be repeated.
- Modeling
- A process of learning by temporal association in which two events that repeatedly occur close together in time become fused in a person's mind and produce the same response.
- Classical Conditioning
- A behavioral treatment in which clients with phobias learn to react calmly instead of with intense fear to objects or situations they dread.
- systematic deinsitization
- A therapy developed by Aaron Beck that helps people recognize and change their faulty thinking.
- Cognitive therapy
- The humanistic process by which people fulfill their potential for goodness and growth.
- Self-actualization
- The humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers in which clinicians try to help clients by conveying acceptance, accurate empathy and genuineness.
- Client-centered therapy
- The humanistic therapy developed by Fritz Perls in which clinicians actively move clients towards self recognition and self acceptance by using techniques such as role playing and self discovery excercises.
- Gestalt therapy
- A therapy that encourages clients to accept responsibility for their lives and to live with greater meaning and values.
- Existential Therapy
- A theory that views the family as a system of interacting parts whose interactions exhibit consistent patterns and unstated rules.
- Family Systems Theory
- Approaches that address the unique issues faced by members of minority groups.
- Culture sensative therapies
- Approcahes geared toward the special pressures of being a woman in Western society.
- Gender sensative therapies
- A group made up of people with similar problems who help and support one another without the direct leadership of a clinician.
- Self help group
- A therapy format in which the therapist meets with all members of the family and helpd them to change in theraputic ways.
- Family therapy
- A therapy format in which the therapist works with two people who share a long term relationship.
- Couple therapy
- A treatment approach that emphasizes community care.
- Community mental health treatment
- Explanations that attribute the cause of abnormality to an interaction of genetic, biological,developmental, emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social, and societal influences.
- Biosychosocial theories
- hiker
- el/la excursionista
- football
- el fútbol americano
- golf
- el golf
- hockey
- el hockey
- player
- el/la jugador(a)
- swimming
- la natación
- game;match
- el partido
- ball
- la pelota
- swimming pool
- la piscina
- tennis
- el tenis
- volleyball
- el vóleibol
- to scuba dive
- bucear
- to climb mountains
- escalar montañas
- to write a letter
- escribir una carta
- to write an email message
- escribir una mesaje electrónico
- to write a postcard
- escribe ina tarjeta (postal)
- to ski
- esquiar
- to win
- ganar
- to go on a hike (in the mountains)
- ir de excursión (a las montañas)
- to read email
- lerr correo electrónico
- to read a magazine
- leer una revista
- to play sports
- practicar deportes (m.pl.)
- to be a fan of
- ser aficionado/a a
- sports related
- deportivo/a
- to read the newspaper
- lee el periódico
- soccer
- el futbol
- visit a monument
- visitan el monumento (visitar)
- sun bathe
- Toma el sol (tomar)
- roller skate
- patina el línea (patinar)
- basketball
- el baloncesto