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Chapter 2 & Three Vocabulary

Terms

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Isomer
Same molecular formula but different structures
What are some functions of a Monosaccharide?
1.Fuel for cells
2.Cells use the carbon skeletons of Monosaccharides to make other organic molecules (Amino Acids)
3.Monosaccharides are incorporated into larger carbohydrates for storage
4.Provides protection to organs: Kidneys
5.Provides insulation: Warmth
Glycogen
Stored form of Glucose in muscle & liver
What can carbohydrates be converted into?
Fats
Where is fructose found in?
Fruit
Where is Glucose found in?
Sports Drinks & Plant Cells
What do fats consist of?
Alcohol
Do we lose fat cells?
Fat cells swell& shrink but we do not lose them
What are some examples of a Saturated Fatty Acid?
Animal Fat; Lard, Butter
Saturated Fatty Acids are what at room temperature?
Solid
What does a Saturated Fatty Acid lack hydrocarbon structure?
Double Bond
Fatty Acids are bonded to what number of hydrogen atoms?
Maximum number
Give examples of an Unsaturated Fatty Acid?
Plant and Fish Fat = Cod-liver oil, olive oil
Unsaturated Fatty Acids are what at room temperature?
Liquid
Unsaturated Fatty Acids have what in their hydrocarbon structure?
Double Bond
Unsaturated Fatty Acids have what number of hydrogen atoms?
Less than the maximum number
Polysaturated Fats have even less of what kind of atom than Unsaturated Fats?
Hydrogen
Margarine and hydrogenated vegetable oil are examples of what fatty acid group?
Saturated Fatty Acid
What type of scale is the Ph scale?
Logarithmic Scale
On the Ph scale 7 is?
Neutral
On the Ph scale 1 is?
Acidic
On the Ph scale 14 is?
Basic
As the number of hydrogen ions increases the Ph does what?
Decreases
Oxygen enters lungs through what system?
Respiratory System
Dehydration Synthesis does what?
Forms water bonds to join Glycerol
Carbohydrates include what types of sugars?
Monosaccharide (Single Monomer Sugar)
Disaccharide (Two monomer sugar)
Polymers or Polysaccharide(Made of long chains of sugar units)
What is a fatty acid?
A fatty acid is a Triglyceride
What does Hydrolysis do?
Hydrolysis uses water to break bonds

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