Bio/ cytology vocab
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Cytology
- Branch of Biology that studies cell and their parts
- Robert Hooke
- 1665= discovered cells in cork and named them after the rooms in a monestary; blocks linked together like legos
- Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
- 1st to describe living, moving cells; swimming in water, tooth plaque; 1st to see blood cells
- Dujardin
- 1800's French Biologist; tried to repeat Hooke's experiment but discovered major difference= his cells had live material inside; named it Protoplasm
- 2 German Scientists
-
Schleiden= botanist
Schwann= Zoologist
looked at every creature they could in a microscope; always found cells as building blocks - Virchow
- 3rd Scientist mid 1800's= pathologist- studies disease; very interested in tumor development; watched tumors in microscopes; conclusion= always started with a single cell that copied into a pile and spread
- What 3 scientists helped write the Cell Theory?
- Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow
- What is the Cell Theory?
-
2 principles:
1)all living things are made of cells as building blocks
2)all cells come from parent cells by normal reproduction -
What are the six characteristics of life?
Hint: Hungry Corey Eats Oranges Growing Rapidly -
Homeostasis
Cells
Energy
Organization
Growth
Reproduction - Cells:
- building blocks (different shapes and sizes)
- How are plant cells arranged?
- very neat and organized; tiny parts that do particular jobs
- What are the basic things in a plant cell? (5)
- organelles, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus
- What are the 2 types of cells?
-
Plant=cell wall, little movement; autotroph
Animal= only membrane, lots of movement; heterotroph - Energy:
- getting and using food
- Homeostasis:
- various activities that rebalance a creature; drinking then peeing
- Growth:
- add stuff; cell parts control raw materials and can construct parts
- Reproduction:
- make new identical cell; division or sex
- Cell Wall (J&S)
-
job: to support and protect plant cells
structure: pick correct materials (cellulose), add hardener - What is a membrane made of?
- 2 layers of protein globs, 1 layer of lipids (fat)
- What is the job of a membrane?
- to control what goes in and out of the cell (selectively permiable)
- What types of cells have a membrane?
- ALL cells have membranes
- What do the tiny pores only let in?
- tiny molecules= H2O, O, sometimes carbon monoxide sneaks in :(
- What do cells use as a general building material?
- cell membrane
- What does the Nucleus do?
- it controls the entire cell's activities and holds all of the DNA / info and shares it throughout the cell
- What does DNA stand for?
- Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
- What do the Nucleolus do?
- copy sections of DNA/ found in the Nucleus
- What does the Endoplasmic Reticulum do?
- acts as a transportation device from the pores of the Nucleus to the pores of the Membrane
- What types of vacuoles are in Plant cells?
- water vacuoles
- What types of vacuoles are in Animal cells?
- Food vacuoles and contractile vacuoles
- What do autotrophs make and heterotrophs use
- energy
- what are the organelles in plants that make and store the food?
- chloroplasts
- what is the more specific name for the food chloroplasts make?
- glucose sugar
- What does the work that the organelles get credit for?
- enzymes :)
- Where do the enzymes :) "work"?
- in the Grana
- more Grana=...?
- more enzymes
- What is the process of turing light energy into glucose called?
- photosynthesis
- What types of cells have Mitochondria?
- All cells
- What are the work stations called where the Mitochondria enzymes work?
- Cristae
- what is storing the loose energy temporarily called?
- ATP
- When does cytoplasmic streaming occur?
- when the cell gets light (like sun light)
- What types of cells are Plastids in?
- Plant cells
- What are the 3 different types of membrane bags that hold various colors?
- chromoplasts (bright=red,yellow, orange), chloroplasts (green), leucoplasts (white)
- What do Ribosomes do?
- they follow the recipe sent from the Nucleus and make the protein
- What do Golgi Bodies do?
- store and later deliver proteins (warehouse)
- What are lysosomes?
- self destructive enzymes that destroy old body parts or the whole cell (tadpoles)
- Describe a tadpoles leg development
- has a tail then the lysosomes "self destruct" and eat the tail away then reuse the membrane material to make legs