Anatomy & Phys Chapter 5 Terminology
Terms
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- amphiarthroses
- a slightly movable joint
- appendicular skeleton
- fbones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton.
- articular cartilage
- hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of the bones forming the joint.
- articulations
- joints; point where two bones meet.
- axial skeleton
- the bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax, and sternum
- bony thorax
- bones of the thorax, including ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae.
- cartilaginous joint
- joints that connect the ends of bones
- compact bone
- one of the two types of bone. compact bone is dense, looks smooth and homogenous.
- diaphysis
- compact bone shaft that makes up the largest portion of a long bone's length.
- diarthroses
- freely movable joints
- epiphyseal plate
- a flat plane of hyaline cartilage that cause the lengthwise growth of a long bone.
- epiphysis
- the end of a long bone
- fibrous joint
- bones that are united by fibrous tissue. example: sutures of the skull
- flat bones
- thin, flattened, and usually curved bones. they have two layers of compacy bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them. examples: skull, ribs, sternum
- intervertebral disks
- the disks of fibrocartilage between the vertebrae
- irregular bones
- bones that are irregularly shaped, which is to say they are not long, short, or flat bones. examples include the vertebrae and hip bones
- ligaments
- a cord of fibrous tissue that connect bones
- long bones
- bones that are typically longer than they are wide. they have shafts with heads at both ends. mostly compact bone. bones of the limbs (except wrist and ankle bones) are long bones
- pelvic girdle
- incomplete bony basin formed by the two coxal bones that secures the lower limbs to the sacrum of the axial skeleton.
- periosteum
- double layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone
- red marrow
- the cavity of the shaft of bone in infants that form red blood cells. in adult bones, red marrow is confined to the cavities of spongy bone of flat bones and the epiphyses of some long bones
- short bones
- generally cube shaped spongy bones. wrist and ankle bones are short bones
- shoulder girdle
- composite of two bones, scapula and clavicle, that attach the upper limb to the axial skeleton; also called the pectoral girdle
- skull
- bony enclosure for brain
- spongy bone
- bone composed of small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open space
- synarthroses
- immovable joints
- synovial joint
- freely movable joint exhibiting a joint cavity enclosed by an articular (fibrous) capsule lined with synovial membrane.
- vertebral column
- the spine, formed of a number of individual bones called vertebrae and two composite bones (sacrum and coccyx)
- yellow marrow
- adipose (fat) tissue stored within the cavity of the shaft of adult bones