Health - Chapter 4
Terms
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- physical activity
- any form of movement that causes your body to use energy
- physical fitness
- the ability to carry out daily tasks easily and have enough reserve energy to respond to unexpected demands
- sedentary lifestyle
- a way of life that invloves little physical activity
- osteoporosis
- a condition characterized by a decrease in bone density, producing porus and fragile bones.
- metabolism
- the process by which your body gets energy from food
- cardiorespiratory endurance
- the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to utilize and send fuel and oxygen to the body's tissues during log periods of moderate-to-vigorous activity
- muscular strength
- the amount of force a musicle can exert
- muscular endurance
- the ability of the muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without becoming fatigued
- flexibility
- the ability to move a body part through a full range of motion
- body composition
- the ration of body fat to lean body tissue, including muscle, bone, water, and connective tissue such as ligaments, cartilage, and tendons
- excercise
- purposedful physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and that improves or maintains personal fitness
- aerobic excercise
- any activity that uses large muscles groups, is rhythmic in nature and can be maintained continuously for at least 10 minutes three times a day fro 20 to 30 minutes at one time
- Anaerobic excercise
- intense short bursts of activity in which the muscles work so hard that they produce energy without using oxygen
- overload
- working the body harder than it is normally worked
- progression
- the gradual increase in overload necessary to achieve higher levels of fitness
- specificity
- particular excercises and activities improve particular areas of health-related fitness
- warm-up
- an activity that prepares the muscles for work
- workout
- the part of an excerise program when the activity is performed
- FITT
- frequency, intensity, time, type of activity
- cool-down
- an activity that prepares the muscles to return to a resting state
- resting heart rate
- the number of times your heart beats in one minute when you are not active
- training program
- a program of formalized physical preparation for involvement in a sport or another physical activity
- hydration
- fluids so that the body functions properly
- anabolic steroids
- synthetic substances that are similar to the male horomone testosterone
- health screening
- a search or check for diseases or disorders that an indicidual would otherwise not have knowledge of or seek help for
- overexertion
- overworking the body
- heat cramps
- muscle spasms that results from a loss of large amounts of salt and water though perpiration
- heatstroke
- a condition in which the body losses its ability to rid itself of excess heat through perspiration
- frostbite
- a condition that results when body tissues become frozen
- hypothermia
- a condition in which body temperature becomes dangerously low
- muscle cramp
- spasm or sudden tightening of a muscle
- strain
- a condition resulting from damaging a muscle or tendon
- sprain
- an injury to the ligament surrounding a joint