Ch 10: anatomical terms
Terms
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- lens capsule
- capsule that encloses the lens
- meibomian glands
- oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids
- ciliary processes
- epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor
- posterior chamber
- space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber filled with aqueous humor
- aqueous humor
- watery liquid secreted at the ciliary body that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens (humor = fluid)
- cones
- cone-shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light
- cornea
- transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract (bend) light to focus a visual image
- lacrimal ducts
- tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac
- lacrimal sac
- structure that collects tears before emptying into nasolacrimal duct
- lens
- transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina
- eyelid (palpebra)
- movable protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye
- fundus (base)
- interior surface of the eyebal including the retina, optic disc, macula, and posterior pole (curvature at the back of the eye)
- nasolacrimal duct
- passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose
- rods
- rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light
- canal of Schlemm
- duct in anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veins and bloodstream
- glands of Zeis
- oil glands surrounding the eyelashes
- trabecular meshwork
- mesh-like structure in the anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of Schlemm
- macula lutea (macula)
- central region of the retina responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color (lutea = yellow)
- choroid
- vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to outer portion of the retina
- vitreous
- jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye
- ciliary body
- ring of muscle behind the peripheral iris that controls the focusing shape of the lens
- ciliary muscle
- smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision capability
- retina
- innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve
- pupil
- black circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye
- conjunctiva
- mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
- anterior chamber
- fluid-filled space between cornea and iris
- iris
- colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil
- lacrimal gland
- gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears
- fovea centralis
- pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision (forvea = pit)
- optic disc
- exit site of retinal nerve fibers
- sclera
- tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve
- optic nerve
- nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain