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Group E: Populism and Progressivism USHGOV Vocabulary and Terms

Terms

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Patronage
Exchanging government jobs and contracts for political support.
Trust-buster
Made it illegal for corporations to gain control of industries by enforcing trust.
Square Deal
Fairness for workers, consumers, and big business.
Theodore Roosevelt
26th President of the United State who led progressive reforms. Known for fighting corrupt political machines in New York.
Progressive Movement
Reform movement that sought to raise living standards and correct wrongs in American society.
Recall
Elected officials can be voted out of office.
Referendum
voters can approve proposed laws.
Gilded Age
Late 1800s era of fabulous wealth. Their were stories of rich people like Rockefeller and Carnegie that inspired many Americans to believe that they too could grow wealthy.
"Cross of Gold"
The "Cross of Gold" was a speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan at the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago on July 9, 1896.
Populists
Wanted to use a "free silver" policy that would raise crop prices. Since silver was plentiful, more money would be put into circulation.
William Jennings Bryan
Democratic and populist candidate for President in 1896 who wanted a policy of free silver.
Muckrakes
Journalists who tried to discover muck or corruption.
Bimetallism
System where both gold and silver can constitute legal tender.
Tammany Hall
New York political machine, run by William Marcy Tweed.
Tweed Ring
A small group of men who controlled New York City's finances. Run by William Marcy Tweed.
Political Machine
Organization that controls a local government.
16th Amendment
Amendment that gave Congress the power to create income taxes.
17th Amendment
Amendment that provided for direct election of U.S. Senators.
Upton Sinclair
United States writer whose novels argued for Social reform.
Pure-Food & Drug Act
Law that provided federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or transportation of contaminated food products and poisonous patent medicine.
Meat Inspection Act
Law that authorized the secretary of Agriculture to inspect and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption.
Federal Trade Commission
A federal agency created to investigate and eliminate unfair and misleading trade practices in business.
Initiative
When a petition is signed by a certain number of voters, it forces it to be reconsidered. [The executive or legislature bodies consider]
W.E.B. DuBois
American civil rights activist.
Bull Moose Party
Progressive party in 1912 presidential election created by Theodore Roosevelt when he was denied the Republican Party's nomination for president.
Booker T. Washington
African- American leader who did not believe in challenging segregation.
Conservation
Controlling resource usage.
NAACP
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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