Diacritics

Start Studying!

Terms

undefined, object

copy deck

Aspiration: /p, t, k/ in initial position always

sometimes at the end of a word
unaspirated: very predicatble, always after /s/
unreleased: free variation in final position (close lips at the end of a word)
glottal stop: in a final position or before a nasal
flap: between 2 vowels
voiced h: before /ju/ ex. humungus
labialization: small w, before /w/ or a round vowel

always anticipatory
dentalization: little tooth under symbol

alveolars before dentals (theta and thorn)

special curly /m/

almost always anticipatory, can be perversative but it's uncommon

won't happen with velars because tongue is too far back
fronting: velars before /i, j, r/

+ under sound
backing: sound produced farther back

alveolars before /u, j, r/

- sign under sound
palatalization: special kind of backing, espc. alveolars followed by /r/

transcriced as little j
velarization: /l/ in final position, before velars

dark /l/

/l/ is dark before /k/ or in final position
partial voicing: little v underneath

non-alveolars in "flap" position
partial de-voicing: typically voiced consonants in final position

vocal folds are preparing to stop talking

also voiced consonants after /s/ and before /s/
nasalization: vowel before a nasal
denasalization: sounds like when you have a cold
nasal emission: ying/yang sign

occurs with cleft palate
syllabification: use a consonant as the nucleus of a syllable

applies only to liquids and nasals
/p/: voiceless bilabial stop
/b/: voiced bilabial stop
/t/: voiceless alveolar stop
/d/: voiced alveolar stop
/k/: voiceless velar stop
/g/: voiced velar stop
/m/: voiced bilabial nasal
/n/: voiced alveolar nasal
ing: voiced velar nasal
/f/: voiceless labiodental fricative
/v/: voiced labiodental fricative
theta: voiceless interdental fricative
thorn: voiced interdental fricative
/h/: voiceless glottal fricative
/s/: voiceless alveolar fricative
/z/: voiced alveolar fricative
sh: voiceless palatal fricative
zhh 3 symbol: voiced palatal fricative
ch: voiceless palatal affricate
"juh": voiced palatal affricate
/r/: voiced palatal liquid
/l/: voiced alveolar liquid
/j/: voiced palatal glide
/w/: voiced labiovelar glode
structure simpler: final consonant deletion
cluster reduction
substitution: change place or manner
harmony/assimilation: syllables or sounds become more alike
3 factors influencing child's learning: 1. universals, ease of production/perception
2.frequencies in the language
3.idiosyncratic preference
avoiding iambic, long words: weak syllable deletion
avoiding clusters: cluster reduction
avoiding codas: final consonant deletion
avoiding fricatives: stopping
avoiding prevocalic liquids: gliding
avoiding velars: fronting
avoiding affricates: deaffrication
avoiding postvocalic liquids: vowelization
avoiding 2 different syllables: reduplication
avoiding 2 different consonants: consonant harmony/assimilation (velar, alveolarm nasal, etc...)
avoiding 2 different vowels: vowel harmony/assimilation
anticipatory: earlier sound is more like later sound
perseverative: later sound more like earlier sound

Start Studying!

Deck Info

Number of cards 59

Created By ndeben@yahoo.com