Heart Failure Pathophysiology Lecture
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- What is Heart Failure?
- complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood
- Describe the difference between diastolic and systolic dysfunction.
- The difference between the ability of the ventricle to fill with (dia) or eject (sys) blood.
- What is a P-V loop (ventricular used to determine?
- cardiac performance (e.g. preload, afterload, contractility, HR)
- Describe the difference between Acute and Chronic HF.
- Rapid onset of symptoms/signs secondary to abnormal cardiac function; with or w/o previous cardiac disease; often life-threatening, requires urgent treatment
- HF is increasing in prevalence with many risk factors. Risk increases with increasing ?
- advancing age
- Describe the different clinical presentation of Right vs. Left HF.
-
Right: hepatomegaly, cyanosis, JVD, ascites, edema;
Left: dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary congestion, no elevation of venous pressure - B-Type natriuret Peptide is a new marker in HF. It is activated in response to what?
- Endogenous peptidde is activated in Ventricular volume/pressure expansion
- What is the most common etiology of Heart Failure?
- Coronary artery disease (2/3)
- Name some nonpharmacological therapies for HF.
- Diet, fluids, weight monitoring, execercise, lipid decrease, smoking cessation, DM & HTN control.
- Name 3 Drugs that have proven survival benefit in HF.
- ACE inhibitors (ARB/ Nitrates); Beta - Blockers; aldosterone antagonists
- TRUE/FALSE - Neurohormonal drugs save lives in HF because of the imbalance between the activation and effects of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator hormones.
- True
- Inotropes can improve symptoms in HF by increasing contractility (Ca), but what negative is associated with this class of drugs?
- Proarrhythmic (can increase/hasten mortality)