Science: Ch. 10 and 11 Vocab
science vocab words for test on Fri. (Nov. 16)!
Terms
undefined, object
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- gemstone
- a hard, colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster and is valued for its appearance
- metamorphic rock
- a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
- solution
- a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another
- non-foliated
- term used to describe metamorphic rocks that don't have grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
- compaction
- the process by which ssediments are pressed together under their own weight
- mineral
- a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a defintie chemical composition.
- inorganic
- not formed from living things or the remains of living things.
- foliated
- term used to describe metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
- basalt
- a dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust
- crystal
- a solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again.
- cleavage
- a mineral's ability to split easily along flat surfaces
- coral reef
- a structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water
- erosion
- the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock and soil
- Mohs hardness scale
- a scale ranking ten mineralsfrom softest to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals
- ore
- rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral
- grains
- the particles of minerals or other rocks that give a rock its texture
- fracture
- the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way
- organic rock
- sedimentary rock that forms from remains of organisms deposited in thick layers
- sediment
- small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or organisms
- streak
- the color of a minerals powder
- smelting
- the process by which ore is melted to seperate the useful metal from other elements
- sedimentary rock
- a type of rock that froms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
- deposition
- the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it
- clastic rock
- sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed togetherunder high pressure
- granite
- a usually light-colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust
- chemical rock
- sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize from a solution
- texture
- the look and feel of a rock's surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock's grains
- cementation
- the process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particlesof sediment togetherinto one mass
- luster
- the way a mineral reflects light from its surface
- crystallization
- the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure
- alloy
- a mixture of two or more elements, one of which is a metal
- vein
- a narrow deposit of a mineral that is sharply different from the surrounding rock
- rock-forming mineral
- one of the common minerals that make up most of the rocksof Earth's crust
- geode
- a hallow rock inside which mineral crystals have grown
- igneous rock
- a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface