Western Civ Midterm 2
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- What made the golden age of athens possible?
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1. defeat of persians
2.delian leauge - What is the Delian League?
- The voluntary alliance of 140 greek city-states, preparing for future Persian attacks
- What were Pericles 3 goals?
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-make Athens more democratics (pays people in government power)
-glorify/beautify city(used Delian league money)
-create commerical empire - Athens-Drama
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-comedy and tragedy
-tragedy:when a main character loses power by own means
-comedy-pokes fun at own society - Philsophers
- Seekers of Wisdom. Wanted to understand the world and human nature
- Socrates
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taught by asking questions
searched for truth, beauty, good, justiced
questioned accepted values of society - Plato
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-taught by Socrates
-The Republic-outlines perfect society, 3 classes, Philsophers, guardians, producers. no private property, no nuclear family - Aristotle
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Golden Mean
syllogism=3 logically connected statements
if a=b and b=c then a=c - Athens-Art and Architecture
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Kouros-similar to egyptian sculpture. rgigd, no motion, painted eyes.
amphorae-pottery-black and red figure styles
black-figures are painted on
red-background painted on - Eary Rome-geography
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-close to water (trade)
-arable land because of river
-navigable river
-central location in italy->mediterranean
-apeninne mountains provide protection - Rome-latins
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-shepards
-settled down (semi-nomadic) - Rome-etruscans
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-invaded
-rule Latin's for 600 years until they overthrew - Roman Republic Social Hierarchy
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-patricians
-plebians
-slaves - Punic War 1
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-Romans vs. Carthaginians
-For control of sicily and trade routes
-264-241 BCE
-at Sicily, sea
-Rome won, Carthage surrendered, they got corisca, sardinia, slaves and tribute payments - Punic War 2
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-for revenge
-at Italy, Southern Spain, and Zama
-Rome won, Scipio goes to Africa, Gets spain, north africa, and pieces of Southern Gaul and tribute payments.
-Carthage signs treaty saying won't go to war without asking Rome - Punic War 3
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-why? Rome asked numidia to attack carthage and they returned fire and violated treaty
-at Carthage
-Rome won, only power left in Egypt, got rest of North Africa - Significance of Punic Wars
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-Romans got more land, tribute payments, slaves
-:( had to control slaves, economy based on warfare (gone now), scorched earth policy, Romans didn't have houses or jobs. - What is Latifundia?
- Sorched Earth Policy and Tribute payments-nobody had any money or houses or anything at all.
- Who is Tiberius Gracchus?
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-tribune
-focused on land reform, senate killed him. - Who is Gaius Gracchus?
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-tribune 10 years after brother
-focused on affordable food. Senate killed him. - Roman Republic-Senate
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for life
-100
-must be patrician
-made laws
-chosen by consul - Roman Republic-Consuls
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-1 year
-2 of them
-one can veto the other
-can elect a dictator
-commander in chiefs
-have to be patrician - Roman Republic-Assembly
- "the people"
- Roman Republic-Dictator
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-6 mos. or until crisis is averted
-elected
-absolute power in extreme times - US govt-Executive
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-commander in chief
-purpose to enforce law
-4 year term - US govt-Judicial
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-purpose to interpret law
-life term
-can throw out laws
-chief justice overseas impeachment procedure - US govt- Legislative
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-purpose to make laws
-can overturn veto with 2/3 majority
-can amend constitution with 3/4 majority - US govt-Senate
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each state has same amount
can elect president's nominations - US govt-House of Representatives
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-rep. based on population
can impeach - Rise of Christianity
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Romans accepted Judiasm and Christianity as long as they respected the emperor and other gods
-poor people followed him, many people now following them-so he was crucified - What are the Characteristics of the R.E. that facilitated the rapid rise of christianity
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-lots of cities
-road system
-same language (greek) - Fall of Rome-Economic
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-trade routes vulnerable to attack
-unfavorable balance of trade
-devaluation of currency
-inflation
-soil exhaustion
-increasing taxes
-no more war loot to fill treasury - Fall of Rome-Political
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-lack of patriotism
-few wanted to serve
-military interference in political process
-succession
-high demand for government service - Fall of Rome-Social
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-indifference towards public affairs
-widening gap between rich and poor
-poor work ethic - Fall of Rome-Military
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-lack of patriotism
-increased use of mercenaries
-increased attacks on frontier