MPCS 5th grade Science ch 4
Terms
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- mantle
- solid and liquid
- weathering
- New soil is formed by this process?
- Gems
- When gemstones have been cut and polished these minerals are called?
- Impurities
- What gives quartz its color?
- Mica
- This mineral has the unique characteristic of forming large crystals which break into flat sheets, it is called?
- Slate
- Some chalkboards are made from?
- Geologists
- The scientists who study the structure of the earth, also called the treasure hunters of today
- igneous
- When magma cools it hardens and forms this kind of rock
- tar, ice
- two substances in which whole animals have been preserved
- limestone
- Is formed from bones and seashells
- silver
- the best conductor of electricty
- Malleable
- Metals can be hammered into thin sheets or a term called?
- natural resource
- any material found in God's creation which is helpful to man
- petroleum or crude oil
- Oil in its natural state is called
- Minerals
- rocks are made of special treasures called?
- Petrified fossils
- Plant and animal remains that have turend to stone
- fossils
- the perserved remains of the plants or animals
- granite
- most of the rock below the surface is igneous rock called?
- Limestone
- A sedimentary rock made from bones and seashells is?
- obsidian
- clear, shiny black rock with sharp edges, sometimes called volcanic glass
- pumice
- an igneous rock which floats
- marble
- was once limestone
- print fossil
- when the mud that contained the print hardened into the rock it is called?
- paleontologists
- scientists who study fossles
- Lava
- Magma that has erupted through the earth's surface is called?
- Limestone
- In what kind of rock are most caves found?
- Marble
- Rock which was once limestone but was hardened as the result of extreme heat
- basalt
- the igneous rock below the ocean floor
- extinct
- fossils of animals that no longer exist today
- brass
- a mixture of copper and zinc; also called copper alloys
- Sandstone
- A sedimentary rock which contains quartz and is used for making glass.
- gemstones
- 100 of the 2,000 minerals that God created are called?
- graphite
- Used in place of lead in our pencils
- Minerals
- Rocks are made of one or more inorganic (non living) substances called?
- flint
- An arrowhead is made from a piece of mineral called?
- stalagmite
- grows up from the ground
- pumice
- formed from quick cooling lava that has gases
- Old Faithful; 4,000 - 7,000
- a famous geyser in Yellowstone National park; shoots how many gallons of water 150 feet into the air
- mercury; quicksilver
- the only metal which is a liquid at room temperature; also called quicksilver
- Sedimentary rock
- makes up 75% of the earth's surface and is formed by sediment that is pressed together under the water.
- Crystal
- Have a definite shpae becasue their atoms are arranged in an orderly fashion.
- inner core
- solid
- Molten
- Melted rock
- Crystal
- Each has a flat surface and sharp edges.
- obsidian or pumice
- lava hardens quickly as it cools, forming igneous rock such as
- hummus
- decaying plant and animal materail and tiny pieces of weathered rock.
- Give examples of weather changes that cause weathering
- In the desert where it is very hot in the day and cold at night, freezing water causes rock to break apart as the freezing water expands, roots of a plant break it apart, rushing rivers
- Crust
- solid
- bronze
- a mixture of coppoer and tin; also called copper alloys
- gold
- bright yellow metal that has been prized because of its scarcity and beauty
- iron
- our most useful metal
- Slate
- Shale can harden and change in form to become slate
- cooper
- a reddish-orange metal; is the best low-cost electrical conductor available.
- physical weathering
- rock is broken by physical forces, such as temperatures changing, puts rocks under constant pressure
- Africa
- The richest deposits of diamonds
- ductile
- metals can be drawn into wires or a term called?
- oil
- One of the most valuable reources in the world
- Magma
- Melted rock (molten rock) molves like pliable (soft) plastic
- Quartz
- The most widely distributed minerals is?
- sedimentary
- the type of rock in which most fossils are found
- mineral
- a substance that forms a speacial kind of solide called a crystal
- mica
- black
- Marble
- Rock useful for monuments and statues
- Metals
- These are usually silvery, siny and heavier than water and are a good conductor of electricity.
- quartz
- clear igneous rock
- uranium
- slivery-white radioactive metal and is a primary source of nuclear power
- granite or basalt
- magma that does not erupt but cools below the surface to form rock such as?
- cement
- One of our most important building materials. combined in the proper proportins with water, sand and gravel.
- metamorphic rocks
- What are rocks called that are thought to have changed from one type of rock to another
- Mineralogists
- scientists who study minerals
- Mantle
- The layer of the earth beneath the crust is the ?
- Shale; Yes
- sedimentary rock that can be formed from mud (ususally clay). Does is smell like mud?
- conservation
- the wise use of our natural resources
- Concrete
- Cement produces a very durable artifical rock called?
- Acid test; fizzes when drops of a weak acid are poured on it
- what is used to determine whether a rock is a carbonate (combonation of carbon and oxygen). A rock that is carbonate does what?
- To heat homes
- How is coal used in the US
- Diamond
- The hardest gemstone. It can cut through metal, glass and other stones and can only be cut by a diamond
- stalagmites
- stone formations growing up from the floor of the cave
- gemstones
- minerals that are rare, beautiful and very hard.
- coral and seashells
- Much sedimentary rock was formed from ?
- steel
- most common alloy; used to make tools, shps, plumbing
- Ruby
- The rarest gemstone
- molds
- formed when the mud that buries a plant of animal quickly hardens around it.
- aluminum
- a lightweight, slivery-colored metal that can be formed into any shape
- spelunkers
- people who enjoy exploring caves
- gypsum
- The principle component of plaster of paris
- soil
- loose earth containing hummus
- Obsidian
- looks like clear, black glass
- outer core
- liquid
- stalactites
- Holds tightly to the ceiling
- Stalactites
- look like stone icicles hanging from the roof of the cave
- feldspar
- dull white, gray or pink
- Granite
- An igneous rock made of several different types of colors of minerals
- amber
- the hardened sap in which some insects have been perserved
- Bedrock
- The part of the crust below the soil is solid, unmovable rock called?
- magma heats the water
- How is the water heated in a hot spring?
- petrified, mold, print, whole animal
- Four kinds of fossils
- geode
- This is called a mudball and may be hallow or solid and contain beautiful crystals.
- Outer Core
- 1,300 miles thick and is made of liquid mickel and iron heated to 7,000 degrees
- Coal
- a black or brown rocklike substance is found in layers of rock all over the world
- Inner Core
- This may be a ball of iron 1,600 miles in diameter.