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Science Vocab. - 45 terms

Terms

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flower
the reproductive structure of an angisperm
root cap
a structure that covers the tip of a root, protecting the root from injury
photoperiodism
a plants response to seasonal changes in lenght of night and day
seed
the plant structure that contains a young plants inside a protective covering
germination
the spreading of the embryo from a seed that occurs where the embryo resumes growth
xylem
the vascular tissue through which water and nutrients move in some plants
transpiration
the process by which water is lost through a plants leaves
ovule
a structure that contains an egg cell
hormone
a chemical in and organism that produces a specific effect such as growth or development
short-day plant
a plant that flowers when the nights are longer then the plant's critical night length
day-neutral plant
a plant with a flowering cycle that is not sensetive to periods of light or dark
cambium
a layer of a cell in a plant that produces new xylem and phloem cells
long-day plant
a plant that flowers when the night's are shorter then the plants critical night length
rhizoid
a thin robot-like structure that anchors a moss and absorbs water and nuitrients
frond
the leaf of a fern plant
critical night length
the number of hours of darkness that determines wether or not a plant will flower
biennal
a flowering plant that completes it's life cycle in two years
angiosperm
a flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed in a reproductive structure
nonvascular plant
a low-growing plant that lacks true vascular tissue
fruit
the ripened ovary of an angiosperm that encloses one or more seeds
pistil
the female reproductive part of a flower
ovary
a flower structure that encloses and protects ovules and seeds as they develop; Organ of the female reproductive system in which eggs nd estrogen are produced
zygote
a fertilized egg, produced by the joing of a sperm and an egg
cuticle
the waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of most plants
vascular tissue
the internal transporting tissue in some plants that is made up of tubelike structures
petal
a colorful leaf-like structure of some flowers
cone
the reproductive structure of a gymnosperm
pollination
the transfer of pollen from male reproductive structure to a female reproductive structure in plants
embryo
a young organism that develops from a zygote; a developing human during the first 8 weeks after fertilization
stamen
a male repeoductive part of a flower
sporophyte
the stage in the life-cycle of a plant in which the plant produces spores
monocot
an angiosperm with one seed leaf
dicot
an angisperm with two seed leaves
cotyledon
a seed leaf
sepal
a leaf-like structure that encloses the bud of the flower
gameophyte
the stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells
pollen
tiny particles (male gameophytes) produced by seed plants that contain the cells that later become sperm cells
annual
a flowering plant that completes its life cycle in one growing season
auxin
a plant hormone that speeds up the rate of growth in a plants cells
gymnosperm
a plant that produces seed that are not enclosed by a protective fruit
dormancy
a period when an organism's growth or activity stops
tropism
the growth response of a plant towards ar a way from a stimulus
perennial
a flowering plant that lives for more then two years
phloem
the vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants
vascular plant
a plant that has true vascular tissue

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